Table of Contents

  • ESPAHBOD, ALI-REZA

    Hengameh Fouladvand

    (1951-2007), painter and graphic designer who aimed to represent ideals of equality and justice; he was banned from exhibiting his paintings from 1991 to 2001.

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  • EŠPOḴTOR

    Cross-Reference

    See TSITSIANOV.

  • ʿEŠQ

    Cross-Reference

    See LOVE.

  • EŠQ O RŪḤ

    Cross-Reference

    See ḤOSN O RŪḤ.

  • ʿEŠQ, shaikh ḡolām moḥyĪ-al-dĪn MOBTALĀ

    Munibur Rahman

    8th-19th century author writing in Persian and Urdu.

  • EŠQĀBĀD

    Cross-Reference

    See ASHKABAD.

  • ʿEŠQĪ BELGRĀMĪ, SHAH BARKAT-ALLĀH

    Asifa Zamani

    (1659?-1729), Indo-Persian poet and author.

  • ʿEŠQĪ, MOḤAMMAD-REŻĀ MĪRZĀDA

    Ahmad Karimi-Hakkak

    (1894-1923), poet and journalist of the post-constitution era and an important contributor to the modernization of poetry in Persia. After he was assassinated by two gunmen, the Majles members of the minority party and other opponents of Prime Minister Reżā Khan quickly turned his funeral into an occasion for public protest against the rising tide of Reżā Khan's power.

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  • EŠQĪ, MOLLĀ BĀBOR

    Jirí Bečka

    b. Hedāyat-Allāh (1792-1863), Central Asian poet writing in Persian.

  • ʿEŠQĪʿAẒĪMĀBĀDĪ, SHAIKH MOḤAMMAD WAJĪH-AL-DĪN

    Munibur Rahman

    18th-19th century poet and writer in Persian and Urdu.

  • EŠRĀQ ḴĀVARĪ, ʿABD-AL-ḤAMĪD

    Vahid Rafati

    (b. Mašhad, 1902; d. Tehran, 1972), Bahai scholar, teacher, and author.

  • EŠRĀQĪ SCHOOL

    Cross-Reference

    See ILLUMINATIONISM.

  • ʿEŠRĪNĪYA

    Cross-Reference

    See BĪSTGĀNĪ.

  • ESTAHBĀN

    Mīnū Yūsof-nežād

    town and district in Fārs, bordered in the north by the Baḵtagān lake, in the northeast and the east by Neyrīz/Nīrīz, in the south by Dārāb, in the southwest by Fasā, and in the west by Shiraz.

  • EṢṬAḴR

    A. D. H. Bivar, Mary Boyce

    (ESTAḴR, STAḴR), city and district in ancient Persia (Fārs). It was presumably a suburb of the urban settlement once surrounding the Achaemenid royal residences, of which few traces survive. After the death of Seleucus I (280 B.C.), when the province began to re-assert its independence, its center seems to have developed at Eṣṭaḵr.

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  • ESTAḴR NEWSPAPER

    Nassereddin Parvin

    a newspaper published in Shiraz from 1918-1932 and 1942-1962.

  • EṢṬAḴRĪ, ABŪ ESḤĀQ EBRĀHĪM

    O. G. Bolshakov

    b. Moḥammad Fāresī Karḵī, 10th-century Muslim traveler and geographer and founder of the genre of masālek (lit. “itineraries”) literature.

  • EṢṬAḴRĪ, ABŪ SAʿĪD ḤASAN

    Jeanette Wakin

    b. Aḥmad b. Yazīd (858-939), Shafiʿite jurisconsult and author.

  • ESTĀLEF

    Daniel Balland

    large Persian-speaking village of the Kōhdāman, 55 km north of Kabul, built on a foothill of the Paḡmān range of the Hindu Kush between 1,875 and 1,950 m above sea-level.

  • ESTEʿĀRA

    Julie S. Meisami

    lit. "to borrow"; the general term for metaphor.