Table of Contents

• ESTEBDĀD-E ṢAGĪR

  Cross-Reference

  "the lesser tyranny." See CONSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTION.

• ESTEBṢĀR

  Cross-Reference

  See ṬŪSĪ, ABŪ JAʿFAR.

• EŠTEHĀRD

  Mīnū Yūsof-nežād

  a town and district (baḵš) in the province of Tehran.

• EŠTEHĀRDĪ

  Gernot L. Windfuhr

  the easternmost of the nine Southern Tati (Tātī) dialects and sharing with the others most phonological, morphological, syntactic, and lexical features. These are part of a band of dialects extending from the Aras River to central Persia and farther east.

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• ESTEḴĀRA

  Cross-Reference

  See DIVINATION.

• ESTEQLĀL

  Nassereddin Parvin

  newspaper published by the constitutionalists who had taken refuge in the Ottoman consulate in Tabrīz during the Russian occupation of the city in 1909.

• ESTEQLĀL-e ĪRĀN

  Nassereddin Parvin

  an evening daily published in Tehran from 31 May 1910-17 August 1911; it was the organ of the small Unity and Progress party (Ḥezb-e ettefāq o taraqqī) and was published by the party’s leader, the well-known constitutionalist Zayn-al-ʿĀbedīn Mostaʿān-al-Molk

• ESTHER AND MORDECHAI

  Amnon Netzer

  a Jewish shrine in the city of Hamadān, where, according to Judeo-Persian tradition, Esther and Mordechai are buried.

• ESTHER, BOOK OF

  Shaul Shaked

  a short book of the Old Testament, written in Hebrew.

• ESTRĀBĀD

  Cross-Reference

  See ASTARĀBĀD.

• EʿTEDĀLĪ, ḤEZB-E

  Cross-Reference

  See EJTEMĀʿĪYŪN.

• EʿTEMĀD-AL-DAWLA

  Cross-Reference

  lit. “Confidant of the State”; an important title given to people in the administration favored by the court.

• EʿTEMĀD-AL-DAWLA, ĀQĀ KHAN NŪRĪ

  Abbas Amanat

  , MĪRZĀ (1807-1865), prime minister (ṣadr-e aʿẓam) of Persia (1851-58) under Nāṣer-al-Dīn Shah Qajar. Though relatively young when he took office, he represented the old school of Qajar statecraft. His very appearance, with a long beard, ornamented robes, and lavish entourage, as well as his love of  titles, decorations and other emblems of power, and court protocol, all conjured up images of Fatḥ-ʿAlī Shah’s (d. 1834) era.

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• EʿTEMĀD-AL-DAWLA, EBRĀHĪM KALĀNTAR

  Cross-Reference

  See EBRĀHĪM KALĀNTAR.

• EʿTEMĀD-AL-DAWLA, GĪĀṮ-AL-DĪN MOḤAMMAD BEG TEHRĀNĪ

  Cross-Reference

  Gīāṯ-al-Dīn Moḥammad Tehrānī (d. 1622), prime minister of the Mughal emperor Jahāngīr and father of the emperor’s wife, Nūr Jahān. See GĪĀṮ BEG.

• EʿTEMĀD-AL-SALṬANA, MOḤAMMAD-ḤASAN KHAN MOQADDAM MARĀḠAʾĪ

  Abbas Amanat

  or ṢANĪʿ-AL-DAWLA (1843-1896), Qajar statesman, scholar, and author.

• EʿTEṢĀMĪ, MĪRZĀ YŪSOF KHAN ĀŠTĪĀNĪ, EʿTEṢĀM-AL-MOLK

  Heshmat Moayyad

  (b. Tabrīz, 1874; d. Tehran, 1938), Persian writer and journalist.

• EʿTEṢĀMĪ, PARVĪN

  Heshmat Moayyad

  (b. Tabrīz, 1907; d. Tehran, 1941), 20th-century female poet, daughter of the journalist and man of letters Yūsof Eʿteṣāmī.

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• EʿTEŻĀD-AL-DAWLA

  Cross-Reference

  See SOLAYMĀN KHAN QĀJĀR QOVĀNLŪ.

• EʿTEŻĀD-AL-SALṬANA, ʿALĪQOLĪ MĪRZĀ

  Abbas Amanat

  (1822-1880), first minister of sciences (ʿolūm, meaning education) of the Qajar period and a scholar.