Table of Contents
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ESTEBDĀD-E ṢAGĪR
Cross-Reference
"the lesser tyranny." See CONSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTION.
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ESTEBṢĀR
Cross-Reference
See ṬŪSĪ, ABŪ JAʿFAR.
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EŠTEHĀRD
Mīnū Yūsof-nežād
a town and district (baḵš) in the province of Tehran.
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EŠTEHĀRDĪ
Gernot L. Windfuhr
the easternmost of the nine Southern Tati (Tātī) dialects and sharing with the others most phonological, morphological, syntactic, and lexical features. These are part of a band of dialects extending from the Aras River to central Persia and farther east.
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ESTEḴĀRA
Cross-Reference
See DIVINATION.
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ESTEQLĀL
Nassereddin Parvin
newspaper published by the constitutionalists who had taken refuge in the Ottoman consulate in Tabrīz during the Russian occupation of the city in 1909.
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ESTEQLĀL-e ĪRĀN
Nassereddin Parvin
an evening daily published in Tehran from 31 May 1910-17 August 1911; it was the organ of the small Unity and Progress party (Ḥezb-e ettefāq o taraqqī) and was published by the party’s leader, the well-known constitutionalist Zayn-al-ʿĀbedīn Mostaʿān-al-Molk
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ESTHER AND MORDECHAI
Amnon Netzer
a Jewish shrine in the city of Hamadān, where, according to Judeo-Persian tradition, Esther and Mordechai are buried.
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ESTHER, BOOK OF
Shaul Shaked
a short book of the Old Testament, written in Hebrew.
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ESTRĀBĀD
Cross-Reference
See ASTARĀBĀD.
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EʿTEDĀLĪ, ḤEZB-E
Cross-Reference
See EJTEMĀʿĪYŪN.
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EʿTEMĀD-AL-DAWLA
Cross-Reference
lit. “Confidant of the State”; an important title given to people in the administration favored by the court.
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EʿTEMĀD-AL-DAWLA, ĀQĀ KHAN NŪRĪ
Abbas Amanat
(1807-1865), MĪRZĀ, prime minister (ṣadr-e aʿẓam) of Persia under Nāṣer-al-Dīn Shah Qajar; though relatively young when he took office, he represented the old school of Qajar statecraft.
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EʿTEMĀD-AL-DAWLA, EBRĀHĪM KALĀNTAR
Cross-Reference
See EBRĀHĪM KALĀNTAR.
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EʿTEMĀD-AL-DAWLA, GĪĀṮ-AL-DĪN MOḤAMMAD BEG TEHRĀNĪ
Cross-Reference
Gīāṯ-al-Dīn Moḥammad Tehrānī (d. 1622), prime minister of the Mughal emperor Jahāngīr and father of the emperor’s wife, Nūr Jahān. See GĪĀṮ BEG.
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EʿTEMĀD-AL-SALṬANA, MOḤAMMAD-ḤASAN KHAN MOQADDAM MARĀḠAʾĪ
Abbas Amanat
or ṢANĪʿ-AL-DAWLA (1843-1896), Qajar statesman, scholar, and author.
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EʿTEṢĀMĪ, MĪRZĀ YŪSOF KHAN ĀŠTĪĀNĪ, EʿTEṢĀM-AL-MOLK
Heshmat Moayyad
(b. Tabrīz, 1874; d. Tehran, 1938), Persian writer and journalist.
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EʿTEṢĀMĪ, PARVĪN
Heshmat Moayyad
Parvīn was only seven or eight years old when her poetic talent revealed itself. Encouraged by her father, she rendered into verse some literary pieces that her father had translated from Western sources. Her earliest known poems, eleven compositions printed in 1921-22 issues of her father’s monthly magazine, Bahār, display maturity of thought and craft.
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EʿTEŻĀD-AL-DAWLA
Cross-Reference
See SOLAYMĀN KHAN QĀJĀR QOVĀNLŪ.
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EʿTEŻĀD-AL-SALṬANA, ʿALĪQOLĪ MĪRZĀ
Abbas Amanat
(1822-1880), first minister of sciences (ʿolūm, meaning education) of the Qajar period and a scholar.