Table of Contents

• XERXES

  Multiple Authors

  name of two Achaemenid rulers and of some later princes.

• XERXES i. The Name

  Rüdiger Schmitt

  the common Greek (Xérxēs) and Latin form (Xerxes, Xerses) of the Achaemenid throne-name which in Old Persian is spelled x-š-y-a-r-š-a. 

• XIONGNU

  Étienne de la Vaissière

  (Hsiung-nu), the great nomadic empire to the north of China in the 2nd and 1st centuries BCE, which extended to Iranian-speaking Central Asia and perhaps gave rise to the Huns of the Central Asian Iranian sources.