Table of Contents

• OAK

  Cross-Reference

  See BALŪṬ.

• ʿOBAYD ZĀKĀNI

  Daniela Meneghini

  a Persian poet from the Mongol period (d. ca. 770/1370), renowned above all for his satirical poems.

• OBOLLA

  C. Edmund Bosworth

  a port of Lower Iraq during the classical and medieval Islamic periods.

• OḠUZ KHAN NARRATIVES

  İlker Evrım Bınbaş

  The Oḡuz Khan narratives constitute a cycle of mythical accounts associated with the life, conquests, and descendants of Oḡuz, who is also called Oḡuz Khan, Oḡuz Qaḡan, Oḡuz Āqā, or Oḡuz Atā—the legendary ancestor of the Oḡuz tribe.

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• OIL AGREEMENTS IN IRAN

  Parviz Mina

  (1901-1978): their history and evolution. The history of Iranian oil agreements began with an unprecedented concession granted by Nāṣer-al-Din Shah in 1872 to Baron Julius de Reuter.

• OIL INDUSTRY i. PETROLEUM AND ITS PRODUCTS

  A. Badakhshan and F. Najmabadi

  The first requisite for an oil or a gas field is a reservoir: a rock formation porous enough to contain oil or gas and permeable enough to allow their movement through it. Oil and gas occur in sedimentary rock formation laid down in ancient riverbeds or beaches, and also occasionally in dune sands or deep-sea sands.

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• OIL INDUSTRY ii. IRAN’S OIL AND GAS RESOURCES

  A. Badakhshan and F. Najmabadi

  The Iranian oil industry is the oldest in the Middle East. Although the occurrence of numerous seeps in many parts of Iran had been known since the ancient times, the systematic exploration and drilling for oil began in the first years of the 20th century. In 1901 William Knox D’Arcy, who had made a fortune in the Australian gold rush during the 1880s, obtained an oil concession from the Iranian government.

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• OḴOWWAT

  Nassereddin Parvin

  (Brotherhood), the name of four newspapers and one magazine published in Tabriz, Rašt, Shiraz, Kermānšāh, and Baghdad in the early 1900s.

• OKRA

  Cross-Reference

  See BĀMĪA.

• ʿOLAMĀ-YE ESLĀM

  Siamak Adhami

  “The Doctors of Islam,” title given to two medieval Zoroastrian polemical treatises written in Modern Persian.