Table of Contents
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ʿAṬR
F. Aubaile-Sallenave
“perfume” (Arabic ʿeṭr, plur. ʿoṭūr; in Persian also ʿaṭrīyāt, perfumes), a Semitic term also attested in Syriac and Amharic.
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ATRAK
C. E. Bosworth
river of northern Khorasan, flowing first northwest, and then southwest into the Caspian Sea.
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ĀΘRAVAN-
M. Boyce
(Avestan) “priest” regularly used to designate the priests as a social “class,” one of the three into which ancient Iranian society was theoretically divided.
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ĀTRƎVAXŠ
W. W. Malandra
(Mid. Pers ādurwaxš), one of the eight Zoroastrian priests (ratu) necessary for performance of the yasna ritual.
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ATROPATENE
Cross-Reference
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ATROPATES
M. L. CHAUMONT
the satrap of Media, commander of the troops from Media, Albania, and Sacasene at the battle of Gaugamela in 331 B.C.
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ATRUŠAN
J. R. Russell
the Armenian word for “fire temple,” a loan-word from Parthian.
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ATSÏZ B. ʿALĀʾ-AL-DĪN
Cross-Reference
See ʿALĀʾ-AL-DĪN ATSÏZ.
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ATSÏZ ḠARČAʾĪ
C. E. Bosworth
ruler of Ḵᵛārazm with the traditional title Ḵᵛārazmšāh, 521 or 522/1127 or 1128 to 551/1156.
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ATTABI
E. Sims
one of many names for cloth used by medieval Islamic writers.
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AṬṬĀR, FARĪD-AL-DĪN
B. Reinert
(1145 or 46-1221) Persian poet, Sufi, theoretician of mysticism, and hagiographer, was born and died in Nīšāpūr.
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ʿAṬṬĀŠ
J. van Ess
Ismaʿili leader during the time of Sultan Barkīāroq (Berk-yaruq, d. 498/1104).
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ATTAŠAMA
M. Mayrhofer
personal name in the Nuzi texts.
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ĀTUR
Cross-Reference
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AΘURĀ
Cross-Reference
Achaemenid province. See ASSYRIA.
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ĀΘVIYA
cross-reference
in the Avestan Hōm Yast (Y. 9.7) the second mortal to press the haoma and the father of Θraētaona (Ferīdūn).
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AUBERGINE
Cross-Reference
See BĀDENJĀN.
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AUDH
Cross-Reference
See AVADH.
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AUGUSTINE
G. Widengren
prominent Christian theologian and philosopher, born 354 in Thagaste, Numidia.
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AURELIUS VICTOR
M. L. Chaumont
born in Africa ca. 325/330, held high positions under Julian and Theodosius.