Table of Contents

  • HAOMA i. BOTANY

    Dieter Taillieu

    Haoma is the Avestan name for a plant and its divinity, Mid. Pers. hōm, Sogd. xwm, Pers. and other living Iranian languages hōm, hūm and related forms.

  • HAOMA ii. THE RITUALS

    Mary Boyce

    Haoma yields the essential ingredient for the parahaoma, the consecrated liquid prepared during the main act of worship, the Yasna, and its extensions, the Visperad and Vendidad.

  • ḤAQIQAT (1)

    Nasseredin Parvin

    (“truth”), title of six different Persian-language newspapers or periodicals, published at various times in Tehran, Rašt, Isfahan, Kabul, and Aarhus (Denmark).

  • ḤAQIQAT (2)

    Habib Borjian

    (“truth,” apparently a rendering of Russian Pravda),  the title of several newspapers in Tajik Persian.

  • HARĀ BƎRƎZAITĪ

    cross-reference

    See ALBORZ.

  • HARAHUVATIŠ

    cross-reference

    See ARACHOSIA; ROḴAJ.

  • HARAIVA

    cross-reference

    See HERAT i.

  • HARĀSP

    cross-reference

    See ZAV.

  • HARĀT

    cross-reference

    See HERĀT.

  • HARAXVATIŠ

    cross-reference

    See ARACHOSIA; ROḴAJ.

  • HARDINGE, ARTHUR

    Denis Wright

    , Sir, British diplomat (1859-1933). He worked assiduously and effectively to counter the influence of Russia and enhance that of Britain.

  • HARDINGE, CHARLES

    Denis Wright

    , Lord, First Baron Hardinge of Penshurst (1858-1944), British diplomat.

  • HAREM

    A. Shapur Shahbazi, Anna Vanzan

    (Ar. and Pers. ḥaram “sanctuary”), wives and other female associates in former aristocratic families and the secluded quarter of a house reserved for them.

  • HAREM i. IN ANCIENT IRAN

    A. Shapur Shahbazi

    There is no evidence for the practice among the early Iranians of taking large numbers of wives or concubines and keeping them in secluded quarters.

  • HAREM ii. IN THE QAJAR PERIOD

    Anna Vanzan

    Women played an important role in the life of the Qajar monarchs. Fatḥ-ʿAli Shah and Nāṣer-al-Din Shah, in particular, kept a large harem.

  • ḪARḪAR

    Inna Medvedskaya

    a land and a city at the western border of Media. It was taken several times by the Assyrian kings Shalmanaser III (r. 860-825 BCE) and Adad-nerari III (r. 812-782).

  • HARI RUD

    Cross-Reference

    See Supplement.

  • ḤARIRA

    Etrat Elahi

    a very light and diluted Persian dish made of fine wheat flour or wheat starch, or with rice flour or rice powder.

  • HARISA

    Etrat Elahi

    a cooked dish made from a mixture of grains, usually half-ground wheat and barley, and meat, usually lamb and more recently sometimes beef.

  • HARKARN DĀS KANBŌH

    S.H. Qasemi

    the first Hindu author of a Persian work, Eršād al-ṭālebin, commonly known as Enšāʾ-e Harkarn, a collection of documents and model letters.