Table of Contents

• GAZ (2)

  Minu Yusofnezhad

  or Jaz; a town in the province of Isfahan, of the šahrestān of Barḵᵛār and Mayma, situated 18 km north of the city of Isfahan at an altitude of 1,578 m above sea level.

• ḠAZĀ

  Cross-Reference

  See ISLAM IN IRAN xi. JIHAD IN ISLAM.

• GAZA

  Cross-Reference

  See GANZAK.

• ḠAŻĀʾERĪ

  Etan Kohlberg

  nesba of two Imami authors and traditionists (10th-11th centuries).

• ḠAŻĀʾERĪ RĀZĪ, ABŪ ZAYD MOḤAMMAD

  François de Blois

  or ḠAŻĀYERĪ RĀZĪ, b. ʿALĪ, Persian poet of the early 11th century.

• GAZACA

  Cross-Reference

  See GANZAK.

• ḠAZAL i. HISTORY

  J. T. P. de Bruijn

  the most important Persian lyric, adopted also by literatures influenced by the classical Persian tradition, in particular Turkish and Urdu poetry. OVERVIEW of entry: i. History, ii. Characteristics and Conventions.

• ḠAZAL ii. CHARACTERISTICS AND CONVENTIONS

  Ehsan Yarshater

  The Persian ḡazal, especially the Hafezian and the post-Hafezian, does not usually follow a sustained narrative, but consists of a number of lines and statements largely independent of each other.

• ḠAZĀLĪ MAŠHADĪ

  Munibur Rahman

  (b. Mašhad, 1526-27, d. Ahmadabad, 1572), poet laureate in Persian (malek-al-šoʿarāʾ) at the court of the Mughal emperor Akbar.

• ḠAZĀLĪ, ABŪ ḤĀMED MOḤAMMAD

  Multiple Authors

  b. Moḥammad Ṭūsī (1058-1111), one of the greatest systematic Persian thinkers of medieval Islam and a prolific Sunni author on the religious sciences (Islamic law, philosophy, theology, and mysticism) in Saljuq times. Overview of entry: i. Biography, ii. The Eḥyāʾ ʿolum al-dīn, iii. The Kīmīā-ye saʿādat, iv. Minor Persian works, v. As a Faqīh, vi. Ḡazālī and Theology, vii. Ḡazālī and the Bāṭenīs, viii. Impact on Islamic Thought.

• ḠAZĀLĪ, ABŪ ḤĀMED MOḤAMMAD i

  Gerhard BÖWERING

  A man of Persian descent, Ḡazālī (variant name Ḡazzālī; Med. Latin form, Algazel; honorific title, Ḥojjat-al-Eslām"The Proof of Islam”), was born at Ṭūs in Khorasan in 450/1058 and grew up as an orphan together with his younger brother Aḥmad Ḡazālī (d. 520/1126; q.v.).

• ḠAZĀLĪ, ABŪ ḤĀMED MOḤAMMAD, ii, iii

  W. Montgomery Watt

  ii. The Eḥyāʾ ʿolum al-dīn, iii. The Kīmīā-ye saʿādat. 

• ḠAZĀLĪ, ABŪ ḤĀMED MOḤAMMAD, iv

  Nasrollah Pourjavady

  iv. Minor Persia works.

• ḠAZĀLĪ, ABŪ ḤĀMED MOḤAMMAD, v

  Wael B. Hallaq

  v. As a Faqīh.

• ḠAZĀLĪ, ABŪ ḤĀMED MOḤAMMAD, vi

  Michael E. Marmura

  vi. Ḡazālī and Theology.

• ḠAZĀLĪ, ABŪ ḤĀMED MOḤAMMAD, vii, viii

  Wilferd Madelung

  vii. Ḡazālī and the Bāṭenīs, viii. Impact on Islamic thought.

• ḠAZĀLĪ, MAJD-AL-DĪN Abu’l-Fotūḥ AḤMAD

  Nasrollah Pourjavady

  b. Moḥammad b. Aḥmad (ca. 1061-1126), outstanding mystic, writer, and eloquent preacher.

• ḠĀZĀN KHAN, MAḤMŪD

  R. Amitai-Preiss

  (1271-1304), oldest son of Arḡūn Khan and his eventual successor as the seventh Il-khanid ruler of Persia (r. 1295-1304).

• ḠĀZĀN-NĀMA

  Charles Melville

  a verse chronicle of the reign of the Il-khan Ḡāzān Khan (1295-1304), by Ḵᵛāja Nūr-al-Dīn b. Šams-al-Dīn Moḥammad Aždarī.

• ḠAŻĀYERĪ RĀZĪ

  Cross-Reference

  See ḠAŻĀʾERĪ RĀZĪ.