Table of Contents

• HATRA

  Rüdiger Schmitt

  (Ḥaṭrā; Ar. Ḥażr), a strongly fortified city in Upper Mesopotamia (today northern Iraq), situated at lat 35°40′ N, long 42°45′ E in the midst of the desert steppe of the northern Jazīra.

• HAUG, MARTIN

  Almut Hintze

  (1827-1876) Oriental scholar and one of the founders of Iranian studies. His contributions to Old and Middle Iranian studies remained influential well into the twentieth century.

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• HAUMAVARGĀ

  Rüdiger Schmitt

  a term distinguishing one of the three groups of Sakā tribes, Sakā haumavargā, in some of the lists of the peoples in the Achaemenid royal inscriptions.

• HAURVATĀT

  cross-reference

  See HORDĀD; AMƎŠA SPƎNTA.

• ḤĀWI, AL-

  Lutz Richter-Bernburg

  (i.e., al-Ketāb al-ḥāwi fi’l-ṭebb “Comprehensive book on medicine”), the title of a major Arabic work on medicine in twenty-five volumes by Abu Bakr Moḥammad.

• HAWK

  Cross-Reference

  See BĀZ.

• HAWRAMAN

  cross-reference

  See AVROMAN.

• ḤAWZA-YE ʿELMIYA

  Cross-Reference

  See IRAQ xi. SHIʿITE SEMINARIES IN IRAQ.

• HAXAMĀNIŠ

  cross-reference

  See ACHAEMENES.

• ḤAYĀT-DĀWUDI

  Pierre Oberling

  a sedentary Lor tribe dwelling in the dehestān of Ḥayāt-dāwūd, stretching from the Persian Gulf to the Māhur-e Mīlāti mountains, northwest of Bušehr.