Table of Contents

  • ČISTĀ

    Jean Kellens

    and Čisti; Avestan derivatives of the verb cit “to notice, to understand.”

  • ČĪSTĀN

    Cross-Reference

    See RIDDLE.

  • CISTERN

    Cross-Reference

    See  ĀB-ANBAR.

  • ČĪT

    Jennifer M. Scarce

    cotton cloth decorated with block-printed or painted designs in multiple colors.

  • CITIES

    Multiple Authors

    i. Geographical introduction. ii. City planning, construction, and architecture. See Supplement. iii. Administration and social organization. iv. Modern urbanization and modernization in Persia. v. Modern urbanization and modernization in Afghanistan. vi. Urban Informal Settlements in Modern Iran.

  • CITIES i. Geographical Introduction

    Xavier De Planhol

    There is a long history of settlement on Persian territory, where urban life was firmly established in antiquity, and cities continued to proliferate, though, owing to fluctuations in the population, they were highly unstable.

  • CITIES iii. Administration and Social Organization

    Ann K. S. Lambton

    This article on the administration and social organization of Persian cities in the Islamic period discusses the following terms and offices: aḥdāṯ, amīr, amīr al-sūq, beglarbegī, ʿasas, čerāḡčī, dārūḡa, dārūḡa-šāgerd, dārūḡačī, dīvānbegī, farrāš, gazma, goḏaṛčī, ḥākem, kadḵodā, kalāntar, mehmāndār-bāšī, mīr-šab, mīrāb, moḥaṣṣes, moḥtaseb, moqtaʿ, naqīb, naqīb al-ašrāf, raʾīs, ṣāḥeb al-šorṭa, šeḥna, wālī.

  • CITIES iv. Modern Urbanization and Modernization in Persia

    Eckart Ehlers

    Over a period of decades the rapidly growing popula­tion of Persia has simultaneously become increasingly urbanized. More and more people live in increasingly larger cities, and the largest cities tend to grow at a rate above the average.

  • CITIES v. Modern Urbanization and Modernization in Afghanistan

    Erwin Grötzbach

    Since 1359 Š./1980 the flight of millions of Afghans, not only out of the country but also to relatively secure cities like Kabul and Mazār-e Šarīf, has been reflected in a sharp increase in the level of urbanization.

  • CITIES vi. Urban Informal Settlements in Modern Iran

    Pooya Alaedini

    This article discusses the development of informal settlements in Iran and the evolution of government policies and programs dealing with them.

    This Article Has Images/Tables.