Table of Contents

• SIRĀFI, ABU SAʿID ḤASAN

  David Pingree

  10th-century polymath known best for his work as a grammarian.

• ŠIRĀZI, Nur-al-Din Moḥammad ʿAbd-Allāh

  Fabrizio Speziale

  Indo-Muslim physician and one of the main Persian authors of works on medical subjects in India in the 17th century.

• SISTĀN ii. In the Islamic period

  C. E. Bosworth

  It was during the governorship in Khorasan of ʿAbdallāh b. ʿĀmer for the caliph ʿOṯmān that the Arabs first appeared in Sistān, when in 31/652 Zarang surrendered peacefully, although Bost resisted fiercely.

• SLAVES and SLAVERY

  Cross-Reference

  See BARDA and BARDA-DĀRI.

• SMBAT BAGRATUNI

  N. Garsoian

  distinguished Armenian prince and head of the Bagratid house at the turn of the 6th to the 7th century.

• SMOKING IN IRAN

  Esfandyar Batmanghelidj

  Early adopters of cigarettes were the wealthy, who sought to emulate the affectations of European society, and who had regular interactions with the European expatriate community in Iran’s northern cities 

  This Article Has Images/Tables.

• SOAP

  Willem Floor

  (Ar. and Pers. ṣābun) was manufactured in Persia from antiquity. In the 10th century, various Persian towns produced soap, among them Bost, Balkh, and Arrajān.

• SOCIETAS IRANOLOGICA EUROPAEA

  Gherardo Gnoli

  (SIE), important international association in the field of Iranian studies.

• SODIQI MUNŠI, Mirzo

  Keith Hitchins

  Tajik poet (d. 1819). Little is known of his life and career.

• SOFRA

  Mahmoud Omidslalar

  a piece of cloth that is spread on the floor, and on which dishes of food are placed at meal times.

• SOGDIAN TRADE

  Etienne de la Vaissiere

  The people of Sogdiana were the main caravan merchants of Central Asia from the 5th to the 8th century.

• SOGDIANA iii. HISTORY AND ARCHEOLOGY

  É. de La Vaissière

  an Iranian-speaking region in Central Asia that stretches from the rivers Āmu Daryā in the south to the Syr Daryā in the north, with its heart in the valleys of the Zarafšān and the Kaška Daryā.

• SOGDIANA vi. SOGDIAN ART

  Markus Mode

  The development and apogee of Sogdian art was limited to four or five centuries before and during the Muslim conquest of Transoxania. Sogdian art of the heartlands flourished in the settled areas of the Zeravshan and Kashkadarya valleys, as well as in Ustrushana (Osrušana), north of the Turkestan mountain range.

  This Article Has Images/Tables.

• SOLAYMĀNI, Ātajān Peyrow

  Keith Hitchins

  (1899-1933), Tajik poet who blended the classical traditions of Tajik-Persian verse with the social themes of the new Soviet Central Asia of the 1920s and early 1930s.

• SOLṬĀN WALAD

  Cross-Reference

  13th-14th-century Sufi shaikh and poet, son and eventual successor of Mawlānā Jalāl-al-Din Rumi(Mawlawi). See BAHĀʾ-AL-DĪN SOLṬĀN WALAD.

• SORUSHIAN, Jamshid

  Carlo G. Cereti

  (1914-1999), a Zoroastrian community leader and author.

• SOUR CHERRY

  Cross-Reference

  See ĀLBĀLŪ.

• SOUR GRAPE jUICE

  Cross-Reference

  See ĀB-ḠŪRA.

• SOUTH PERSIA RIFLES

  Floreeda Safiri

  (SPR), a locally recruited militia, commanded by British officers, and operating in the provinces of Fārs and Kermān from 1916 to 1921.

• SOUTHEAST ASIA i. PERSIAN PRESENCE IN

  M. Ismail Marcinkowski

  Attention will be given to some of the most striking features of the Persian influences on Southeast Asian Islamic culture.