Table of Contents
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CHARCOAL
Willem Floor
carbonized wood and other vegetal material, an important household and industrial fuel in Persia and Afghanistan.
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CHARDIN, Sir JOHN
John Emerson
(born Paris, 16 November 1643, died Chiswick, London? 5 January 1713), an Huguenot jeweler who traveled extensively in Asia and wrote the most detailed foreign account of the Persia of his time.
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CHARES of MITYLENE
Rüdiger Schmitt
Greek historiographer, who participated in Alexander’s expedition and wrote “Stories about Alexander” (Perì Aléxandron historíai), of which fragments remain.
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CHARIOT
William W. Malandra
chariots in ancient Iran were light horse-drawn, two-wheeled vehicles designed for speed and maneuverability in battle and races.
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CHARITABLE FOUNDATIONS
Maria Macuch; John R. Hinnells, Mary Boyce, and Shahrokh Shahrokh
(MPers. ruwānagān lit. “relating to the soul”), pious endowments to benefit the souls of the dead, as specified by the individual founders. i. In the Sasanian period. ii. Among Zoroastrians in Islamic times.
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CHARMS
Mahmoud Omidsalar
originally verbal formulas recited to prevent or ward off potential harm by magical power but now also denoting written and even talismanic magic.
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CHARON OF LAMPSACUS
Rüdiger Schmitt
Greek historiographer, son of Pythocles or Pythes.
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CHARPENTIER, JARL
Bo Utas
(Hellen Robert Toussaint; b. 17 December 1884, d. 5 July 1935), Swedish Indologist, Indo-Europeanist, and Iranist, born in Gothenburg as the son of an army officer.
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CHASE
Cross-Reference
See HUNTING IN IRAN.
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CHASE, THORNTON
Moojan Momen
(b. Springfield, Mass., 22 February 1847), regarded by Bahais as the first American Bahai and the first Bahai of the West.