Table of Contents

• CEREALS

  Cross-Reference

  See under individual cereals.

• ČERĪK

  Willem Floor

  (also jerīk, from Mongol tserig “warrior[s]”), originally troops sent by an individual or camp (yort) to serve in the royal army.

• ČERKES

  Cross-Reference

  See ČARKAS.

• CERULLI, Enrico

  Filippo Bertotti

  (born Naples, 15 February 1898; died 1988), Italian orientalist and diplomat.

• CERVIDAE

  Cross-Reference

  See ĀHŪ.

• CEŠT

  C. Edmund Bosworth

  a small settlement on the north bank of the Harirud and to the south of the Paropamisus range in northwestern Afghanistan, lying approximately 100 miles upstream from Herat in the easternmost part of the modern Herat welāyat or province.

• ČEŠTĪYA

  Gerhard Böwering

  the name of an influential Sufi order in India, derived from the name of the village of Češt.

• CHAARENE

  Rüdiger Schmitt

  (Gk. Chaarēnḗ), in Achaemenid times one of the easternmost Iranian provinces and the one closest to India.

• CHAGHATAY LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE

  Gerhard Doerfer

  Of all the Turkic languages Chaghatay enjoyed by far the greatest prestige. For instance, the khans of the Golden Horde and of the Crimea, as well as the Kazan Tatars, wrote in Chaghatay much of the time.

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• CHAGHATAYID DYNASTY

  Peter Jackson

  name given to the descendants of Čengīz Khan’s second son Čaḡatai, who reigned in Transoxania until ca. 771/1370 and in parts of Turkestan down to the 11th/17th century.