Table of Contents

• BAHAISM xii. Bahai Literature

  D. M. MacEoin

  This article is concerned primarily with poetry and belles lettres rather than apologetic, didactic, historiographical, liturgical, or scriptural materials.

• BAHĀʾĪYA ḴĀNOM

  M. Momen

  (1846-1932), eldest daughter of Bahāʾ-Allāh, considered by Bahais as the “outstanding heroine of the Bahai Dispensation.”

• BAHĀR (1)

  Ḡ.-Ḥ. Yūsofī

  a Persian literary, scientific, political, and social-affairs monthly, 1910-11, 1921-22. Bahār represented a departure from traditional Persian journalism; readers found its willingness to discuss contemporary literature and literary criticism a refreshing change.

• BAHĀR (2)

  Esmāʿil Jassim

  a newspaper founded by Shaikh Aḥmad Tehrāni (d. 1957), known as Aḥmad Bahār, in 1917, in Mašhad.

• BAHĀR, MOḤAMMAD-TAQĪ

  M. B. Loraine, J. Matīnī

  poet, scholar, journalist, politician, and historian (1886-1951). i. Life and work. ii. Bahār as a poet.

• BAHĀR-E KESRĀ

  M. G. Morony

  “The spring of Ḵosrow,” one of the names of a huge, late Sasanian royal carpet measuring 60 cubits (araš, ḏerāʿ) square (ca. 27 m x 27 m). It was divided among the conquering Muslims after Madāʾen was captured in 637.

• BAHĀRESTĀN (1)

  G. M. Wickens

  (Spring garden, Abode of spring), an anecdotal and moralistic work of belles-lettres in prose (both plain and rhythmic-rhyming) and verse, by ʿAbd-al-Raḥmān Jāmī, composed in the poet’s old age, in 1487.

• BAHĀRESTĀN (2)

  ʿA.-A. Saʿīdī Sīrjānī

  the name of a garden, public square, and complex of buildings in central Tehran.

• BAHĀRESTĀN-E ḠAYBĪ

  I. H. Siddiqui

  a detailed history in Persian of Bengal and Orissa for the period 1608-24 composed by Mīrzā Nathan ʿAlāʾ-al-Dīn Eṣfahānī.

• BAHĀRI

  Mortażā Varzi

  , (ʿALI-) AṢḠAR (1905-1995) master of the kamānča (long-necked bowed lute).