Table of Contents

  • LOCKS AND LOCKSMITHS IN IRAN

    Parviz Tanavoli

    Locks have been made in Iran since at least the second millennium BCE. The most ancient lock, dating to the 13th century BCE, was excavated at the ziggurat of Choga Zanbil in Khuzestan. Throughout the Islamic period in Iran, locks were made in all shapes and sizes.

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  • LOCUST

    Cyrus Abivardi

    (in modern taxonomy, Pers. malaḵ-e mohājer), the term used for any gregarious, short-horned grasshopper. The generic Persian term malaḵ (vs. Mid. Pers. mayg in the Pahlavi Vendidad; Av. maδaxa-) is regarded as a borrowing from an Eastern Iranian language (cf. Pashto malax[ay]).

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  • LOMMEL, HERMAN

    Rüdiger Schmitt

    German scholar of Indo-European, chiefly Indo-Iranian studies, and also of religious studies.

  • LORI LANGUAGE

    Multiple Authors

    the language of one of Iran’s major ethnic groups, spoken by five million people over the length of the Zagros range. This entry consist of two parts i. Lori dialects  ii. Sociolinguistic status of Lori

  • LORI LANGUAGE i. LORI DIALECTS

    Colin MacKinnon

    These are spoken by both settled and migratory folk over a large area of western Iran, including parts of Hamadan Province (at least from Nehāvand southward) through Lorestān to Khuzestan, Čahār Maḥāl and Baḵtiāri, Kohgiluya and Boir Aḥmadi, and Fārs.

  • LORI LANGUAGE ii. Sociolinguistic Status of Lori

    Erik J. Anonby

    The array of related dialects collectively known as Lori (autonym: lurī) is spoken among the Lori and Baḵtiāri peoples of the Zagros mountains of western and southwestern Iran and surrounding areas.

  • LORIMER, David i. In Persia

    Fereydun Vahman and Garnik Asatrian

    (1876-1962), British Iranist and military and intelligence officer. He had a keen interest in the dialect and folklore of the region. He used to collect his material on dialects from elderly informants and would spend the evenings working with them. 

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  • LOTERĀʾI

    Martin Schwartz

    term used by Iranian Jews for speech using local Judeo-Iranian grammar with a special exotic substitutive vocabulary.

  • LOUVRE MUSEUM i. IRANIAN ANTIQUITIES IN THE COLLECTIONS

    Pierre Amiet

    In 1793, when the Louvre Museum (Musıe du Louvre) was created under the name of Central Museum of Arts (Musıe Centrale des Arts), antiquities were exclusively represented by Greek and Roman sculptures.

  • LOUVRE MUSEUM ii. PERSIAN ART IN THE ISLAMIC COLLECTION

    Sophie Makariou

    In 1893 a section devoted to “Muslim Art” was created within the Département des objets d’art, and from the outset objects from Persia have been a most important part of this collection.