Table of Contents

• FLORA

  Multiple Authors

  i. Historical Background. ii. In Persia. iii. In Afghanistan

• FLORA i. Historical Background

  Karl Hummel

  The indigenous knowledge of plants in Persia had a long standing tradition before the country’s flora was explored by Europeans, who were eventually joined in modern scientific botany by Persian botanists.

• FLORA ii. IN PERSIA

  Wolfgang Frey, Harald Kürschner, Wilfried Probst

  With approximately six thousand recorded species of ferns and flowering plants, Persia harbors one of the richest floras of the Near Eastern countries, ranging from subtropical forests to dry-adapted woodlands, dwarf shrubs and thorn cushion formations, and semidesert shrublands.

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• FLORA iii. In Afghanistan

  Cross-Reference

  See AFGHANISTAN ii. Flora.

• FLORA IRANICA

  Wolfgang Frey

  a monumental work on the plants of Persia. Edited by Karl Heinz Rechinger of Vienna since 1963, Flora Iranica now consists of some 172 fascicles and is nearly complete. Only two spermatophyte families, the Cyperaceae and the Rubiaceae, are as yet lacking

• FLORENCE

  Cross-Reference

  See ŠAH-NĀMA MANUSCRIPTS.

• FLOWERS

  Cross-Reference

  See GOL.

• FLOYER, ERNEST AYSCOGHE

  Josef Elfenbein

  Floyer became the first station chief at Jāsk in 1870, although he was only seventeen, and served until 1877. Goldsmid encouraged his station and substation staff to explore their surroundings, and Floyer was one of those who responded, taking a long leave of absence in 1876-77.

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• FLÜGEL, GUSTAV LEBERECHT

  Gerd Gropp

  (b. 18 February 1802, Bautzen; d. 5 July 1870, Dresden), German orientalist.

• FLURY, SAMUEL

  Jens Kröger

  (1874-1935) pioneer of Islamic paleographical studies. Although Flury was primarily interested in problems of the development of Kufic script, much of his specific research was focused on monuments in Persia.

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