Search Results for “bregel”

• ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN SAMARQANDĪ

  Y. Bregel

  late 19th century secretary (mīrzā). A Tajik, he was a native of Samarqand. 

• ʿABD-AL-ʿAZĪZ SOLṬĀN

  Yu. Bregel

  Shaibanid ruler of Bokhara (d. 1550).

• ČORĀS, ŠĀH-MAḤMŪD

  Robert D. McChesney

  b. Mīrzā Fāżel, historian of the 17th-century Chaghatay khanate in Moḡūlestān and hagiographer and staunch supporter of the “Black Mountain” khojas.

• ABŪ SAʿĪD KHAN

  Y. Bregel

  cousin of Šaybānī Khan and great-grandson of Uluḡ Beg in the female line, khan of the Uzbeks of Transoxania (936-40/1530-33).  

• JĀMI RUMI

  Osman G. Özgüdenli

  (or Jāmi Meṣri), AḤMAD, Ottoman official, poet, and translator (fl. 10th/16th century).

• ʿABDALLĀH KHAN B. ESKANDAR

  Yu. Bregel

  Šaybānīd ruler of Transoxania (d. 1598).

• ESFEZĀRĪ, MOʿĪN-AL-DĪN MOḤAMMAD ZAMČĪ

  MARIA E. Subtelny

  (ca. 1446-1510), calligrapher specializing in the taʿlīq script, minor poet (pen name Nāmī), and master of the epistolary art who flourished in Herat during the reign of the Timurid Solṭān-Ḥosayn Bāyqarā.

• ʿEMĀD-al-DAWLA, Mīrzā MOḤAMMAD-ṬĀHER

  Kathryn Babayan

  WAḤĪD QAZVĪNĪ (ca. 1615-1701), poet and Safavid court historiographer for nearly three decades (1645-74).

• BŪSTĀNĪ, MĪRZĀ MOḤAMMAD

  Yuri Bregel

  ʿABD-AL-ʿAẒĪM SĀMĪ, poet and historian of Bukhara (b. ca. 1840, d. after 1914).

• ILBĀRS KHAN

  Yuri Bregel

  name of two rulers of Ḵᵛārazm in the 16th and 18th centuries: (1) Ilbārs Khan b. Buräkä (or Bürgä), from the ʿArab-šāhi (q.v.) branch of the Jochids, was the founder of the dynasty which ruled Ḵᵛārazm from 1511 to the end of the 17th century.

• MĀ WARĀʾ AL-NAHR

  C. Edmund Bosworth

  the classical designation for Transoxania or Transoxiana. It was defined by the early Arabic historians and geographers as the lands under Muslim control lying to the north of the middle and upper Oxus or Āmu Daryā.

• ḠĀZĀN-NĀMA

  Charles Melville

  a verse chronicle of the reign of the Il-khan Ḡāzān Khan (1295-1304), by Ḵᵛāja Nūr-al-Dīn b. Šams-al-Dīn Moḥammad Aždarī.

• GOLŠAN-E MORĀD

  John R. Perry

  a history of the Zand Dynasty (1751-94) by Mirzā Moḥammad Abu’l-Ḥasan Ḡaffāri.

• ʿABDĪ ŠĪRĀZĪ

  M. Dabīrsīāqī and B. Fragner

  (1513-80), poet.

• AWLĪĀʾALLĀH ĀMOLĪ

  W. Madelung

  the author of the history of Rūyān, Tārīḵ-e Rūyān, written about 760/1359.

• AFUŠTAʾI NAṬANZI, MAḤMUD

  Kioumars Ghereghlou

  (d. after 1599), poet and historian of the Safavid period, author of the chronicle Noqāwat al-āṯār.

• BĀTMAN

  Yu. Bregel

  a measure of weight, the same as mann but more common in Central Asia, especially in modern times. There was a great variety of bātmans in different regions and for weighing different goods.

• ABU’L-FATḤ ḤOSAYNĪ

  E. Glassen

  Shiʿite jurist, d. 976/1568-69.

• ḤĀFEẒ-E ABRU

  Maria Eva Subtelny and Charles Melville

  (d. 1430), author of many historical and historico-geographical works in Persian, which were commissioned by Šāhroḵ, the Timurid ruler of Herat during the first decades of the 15th century.

• ABU’L-ḴAYR KHAN

  Y. Bregel

  A descendant of Šïban (the younger son of Joči) and ruler of the Uzbek nomadic state in Dašt-e Qïpčaq in the 15th century.

• ABU'L-KHAYRIDS

  Yuri Bregel

  name used for the dynasty that ruled the khanate of Bukhara in 906-1007/1500-99. Until recently, this dynasty was incorrectly called in Western literature “Shaybanids” (or “Shibanids”).

• STOREY, Charles Ambrose

  Yuri Bregel

  British orientalist, author of the bio-bibliographical survey of Persian literature (1888-1968).

• BEHBŪDĪ

  Yuri Bregel

  (1875-1919), MOLLĀ MAḤMŪD ḴᵛĀJA, one of the leaders of the Jadīd movement in Central Asia in the 1900s-1910s, journalist and playwright.

• TĀRIḴ-E SISTĀN

  C. E. Bosworth

  an anonymous local history in Persian of the eastern Iranian region of Sistān, the region that straddles the modern Iran-Afghanistan border. It forms a notable example of the flourishing genre of local histories in the pre-modern Iranian lands.

• HENDUŠĀH B. SANJAR

  C. Edmund Bosworth

  B. ʿABD-ALLAH SAḤEBI KIRANI, author of a Persian history  Tajāreb al-salaf (fl. first half of the 8th/14th century).

• ʿABD-AL-RAZZĀQ SAMARQANDĪ

  C. P. Haase

  Historian and scholar (1413-82).

• JEZYA

  Vera B. Moreen

  the poll or capitation tax levied on members of non-Muslim monotheistic faith communities (Jews, Christians, and, eventually, Zoroastrians), who fell under the protection (ḏemma) of Muslim Arab conquerors.

• BARTHOLD, VASILIĭ VLADIMIROVICH

  Yu. Bregel

  Russian orientalist (1869-1930). He was the first who put the study of the history of Central Asia on a firm scholarly basis and actually founded this branch of Oriental studies. But he never studied Central Asia in isolation.

• ʿABD-AL-KARĪM BOḴĀRĪ

  M. Zand

  Bukharan traveler and memorialist (d. after 1830-31).

• ʿARABŠĀHĪ

  Y. Bregel

  a dynasty of Chingisid origin that ruled in Ḵᵛārazm from the beginning of the 10th/16th century.

• KĀBOLI, ʿAbdallāh Ḵᵛāja

  Maria Szuppe

  (also known as Kāboli Naqšbandi and Heravi), historiographer and poet of the late 16th and early 17th centuries. 

• HISTORIOGRAPHY i. INTRODUCTION

  Elton Daniel

  Historiography, literally, is the study not of history but of the writing of history. In modern usage, this term covers a wide range of related but distinct areas of inquiry.

• FŪMANĪ, ʿABD-AL-FATTĀḤ

  Sholeh Quinn

  author of the Tārīḵ-e Gīlān, a local history of Gīlān covering the years 1517-1628.

• JOČI

  Michal Biran

  (in Persian and Turkic also Tuši, Duši, ca. 1184-1227), the eldest son of Čengiz Khan (d. 1227) and the ancestor of the khans of the Golden Horde, the westernmost Mongolian khanate.

• ṬABAQĀT-E NĀṢERI

  C. E. Bosworth

  an extensive general history composed in Persian by  b. Serāj-al-Din Jowzjāni, who for the first part of his career lived in Ḡur under the Ghurid sultans and latterly in Muslim India under the Moʿezzi or Šamsi Delhi sultans.

• EBN AL-BALḴĪ

  C. Edmund Bosworth

  conventional name for an otherwise unknown author of Fārs-nāma, a local history and geography of the province of Fārs written in Persian during the Saljuq period.

• BĪGĀR

  Yuri Bregel

  and BĪGĀRĪ, a term of taxation in Iran and Central Asia, generally meaning “corvıe,” the duty of supplying workers without pay, such as for the construction and repair of irrigation systems, roads, and public buildings.

• FAŻĀʾEL-E BALḴ

  Arezou Azad

  13th-century local history from Balḵ in eastern Khorasan, with a collection of biographies of Balḵ’s early Islamic scholars and mystics. It differs from many other local histories of medieval Islamic cities in that it comprises a mix of historical, topographical, and prosopographical information.

  This Article Has Images/Tables.

• BADAḴŠĪ, MOLLĀ SHAH

  H. Algar

  (also known as Shah Moḥammad; 1584-1661), a mystic and writer of the Qāderī order, given both to the rigorous practice of asceticism and to the ecstatic proclamation of theopathic sentiment.

• ČARḴĪ, Mawlānā Yaʿqūb

  Hamid Algar

  an early shaikh of the Naqšbandī order and author of several works in Persian (d. 851/1447).

• ḤESĀR (1)

  Yuri Bregel

  region in the eastern part of Transoxania, in the upper course of the Sorḵān Daryā (medieval Čaḡānrud) and the Kāfernehān.

• ĀL-E AFRĀSĪĀB (1)

  C. E. Bosworth

  a minor Iranian Shiʿite dynasty of Māzandarān in the Caspian coastlands that flourished in the late medieval, pre-Safavid period.

• MANGHITS

  ANKE VON KÜGELGEN

  self-denomination of Mongol and Turkic tribes which played an eminent role in the Golden Horde.

• ʿĀLAMĀRĀ-YE ŠĀH ESMĀʿĪL

  R. McChesney

  an anonymous narrative of the life of Shah Esmāʿīl (r. 907-30/1501-24), the founder of the Safavid dynasty in Iran.

• BUKHARA iv. Khanate of Bukhara and Khorasan

  Yuri Bregel

  The first distinctive political separation of Transoxania from Persia took place in 873/1469 when the Timurid empire was finally divided into two independent states, Transoxania and Khorasan, ruled by the descendants of Abū Saʿd and ʿOmar Shaikh, respectively.

• BUKHARA viii. Historiography of the Khanate, 1500-1920

  Anke von Kügelgen

  About 70 extant works of Persian historiography focus on the politics of the Shïbanid–Abulkhayrid (Shaybanid) dynasty (r. 1500-99), the Janids (also known as Toqay-Timurids or Ashtarkhanids, r. 1599-1747), and the Manḡïts (r. 1747-1920).

• BAYHAQ

  C. E. Bosworth

  a rural area (rostāq) of medieval Khorasan, between the district of Nīšāpūr and the eastern borders of Qūmes, and its town, also known as Sabzavār.

• ABU’L-ḤASAN GOLESTĀNA

  R. D. McChesney

  vizier of Kermānšāhān and chronicler of post-Afsharid Iran.

• ḴĀTUNĀBĀDI, MIR ʿABD-AL-ḤOSAYN

  Kioumars Ghereghlou

  (1630-94), Persian historian and author of the chronicle Waqāyeʿ al-senin wa’l-aʿwām.

• HISTORIOGRAPHY v. TIMURID PERIOD

  Maria Szuppe

  Timurid historiography is firmly rooted within the Persian literary tradition of official court histories of the post-Mongol period.