Table of Contents

• PELLIOT, PAUL

  Samuel Lieu

  (1878-1945), French orientalist who particularly contributed to the study of the languages and  history of the diverse religions and cultures of Central Asia.

• PEPPER

  Cross-Reference

  See FELFEL.

• PERICLES

  Ernst Badian

  (ca. 495-429 BCE), Athenian politician and commander in the period after the major victories over the forces of Xerxes I.

• PERSEPOLIS

  A. Shapur Shahbazi

  Ruined monuments of the acropolis of the city of Pārsa, the dynastic center of the Achaemenid Persian kings, located in the plain of Marvdašt, some 57 km northwest of Shiraz.

  This Article Has Images/Tables.

• PERSEPOLIS ELAMITE TABLETS

  Muhammad Dandamayev

  administrative records in Elamite inscribed on clay tablets. Parts of two archives of such tablets were discovered in Persepolis in 1933-34 and 1936-38.

• PERSIAN AUTHORS OF ASIA MINOR PART 1

  Tahsin Yazıcı (prep. Osman G. Özgüdenlı)

  Several Saljuqs of Rum (Anatolia) chose Iranian names such as Kaykāvus and Kayḵosrov and even made Persian the official language of state and court.

• PERSIAN AUTHORS OF ASIA MINOR PART 2

  Tahsin Yazıcı (prep. Osman G. Özgüdenlı)

  bibliography of major Persian authors of Asia Minor.

• PERSIAN GULF i. IN ANTIQUITY

  Daniel T. Potts

  a shallow, epi-continental sea approximately 1,000 km long and 200-350 km wide, narrowing to about 60 km across at the Straits of Hormuz.

• PERSIAN MANUSCRIPTS i. IN OTTOMAN AND MODERN TURKISH LIBRARIES

  OSMAN G. ÖZGÜDENLI

  The Persian manuscripts in the libraries of Istanbul and Anatolia today were collected from four sources: (1) Persian manuscripts written, translated, and copied in Anatolia; (2) those brought into Anatolia by immigrant scholars; (3) those brought by traders; 4) those brought as booty of the wars and conquests of the 16th and 18th centuries.

  This Article Has Images/Tables.

• PERSIS, KINGS OF

  Joseph Wiesehöfer

  the Persian dynasts who between the 2nd century BCE and 3rd century CE ruled as Parthian representatives in Persis, southwestern Iran.

• PERSONAL NAMES, IRANIAN i. PRE-ISLAMIC NAMES: GENERAL

  Rüdiger Schmitt

  The system of formation of personal names attested in the Iranian languages to a great extent agrees with that known from most of the other Indo-European languages.

• PERSONAL NAMES, IRANIAN ii. AVESTAN NAMES

  Rüdiger Schmitt

  In the Avesta at least 400 personal names are attested. The bulk of these names is found in the second part of the Fravardīn Yašt in a litany-like enumeration.

• PERSONAL NAMES, IRANIAN iii. ACHAEMENID PERIOD

  Rüdiger Schmitt

  Evidence from the Achaemenid period is considerable, but in authentic sources, the inscriptions of the kings themselves, fewer than fifty names are documented in their Old Persian form.

• PERSONAL NAMES, IRANIAN iv. PARTHIAN PERIOD

  Rüdiger Schmitt

  For the Parthian period there is no super-abundance of primary sources written in the official (Middle) Parthian administrative language.

• PERSONAL NAMES, IRANIAN v. SASANIAN PERiOD

  Rüdiger Schmitt

  For Sasanian times, priority treatment must be given to the names attested in non-literary, that is, epigraphic sources (in the broadest sense of the word).

• PERSONAL NAMES, IRANIAN vi. ARMENIAN NAMES OF IRANIAN ORIGIN

  Rüdiger Schmitt

  Linguistic research has documented that the majority of Iranian lexical and other borrowings in Armenian originated in the Parthian language.

• PERSONAL NAMES, SOGDIAN i. IN CHINESE SOURCES

  Y. Yoshida

  Especially during some hundred years before the An Lushan’s rebellion (755-63 C.E.), when Tang controlled Central Asia, a great many Sogdians were encountered in northern China.

• PESTS, AGRICULTURAL

  Cyrus Abivardi

  “Pest” refers to any animal or plant causing harm or damage to people or their animals, crops, or possessions, even if it only causes annoyance.

  This Article Has Images/Tables.

• PEUCESTAS

  Ernst Badian

  officer under Alexander the Great on his campaign in Asia.

• PEYK-E SAʿĀDAT-E NESWĀN

  Nassereddin Parvin

  women's magazine published in Rašt , 1927-30.