Table of Contents
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FRIT WARES
Cross-reference
See CERAMICS xiv.
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FROGS
Cross-reference
See AMPHIBIANS.
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FRONTIERS
Cross-reference
See BOUNDARIES.
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FRUIT
Hūšang Aʿlam
(mīva). Jean Chardin (1643-1713) reported (p. 24) that “in Persia there were all the same kinds of fruit as in Europe and many others, all incomparatively delicious.” He noted the great variety of melons, cucumbers, grapes, dates, apricots, pomegranates, apples, pears, oranges, quinces, prunes, figs, pistachios, almonds, walnuts, filberts, and olives.
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FRYER, JOHN
Michael J. Franklin
(b. ca. 1650; d. 1733), British travel-writer and doctor. His writings display a lively curiosity, which, sharpened by his scientific training, produces accurate observations in geology, meteorology, and all aspects of natural history.
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FŪLĀD-ZEREH
Mahmoud Omidsalar
lit. “[possessing] steel armor,” the name of a hideous demon in the story of Amīr Arsalān.
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FŪMAN
Marcel Bazin
town and district in western Gīlān, 21 km west-southwest of Rašt, on the left bank of Gāzrūdbār river. An important town in medieval times, Fūman is again a commercial and administrative center, with a very active Tuesday market and a large tea-processing factory.
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FŪMANĪ, ʿABD-AL-FATTĀḤ
Sholeh Quinn
author of the Tārīḵ-e Gīlān, a local history of Gīlān covering the years 1517-1628.
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FUMITORY
M. H. Bokhari and W. Frey
or šāhtara; term used for two species of plants of the genus Fumaria in Persia, Fumaria officinalis and Fumaria parviflora.
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FUNERAL CUSTOMS
Cross-reference