Table of Contents

• NABIL-AL-DAWLA

  Guity Etemad

  Iranian diplomat and translator of Bahai scriptures.

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• NABIL-E AKBAR

  Minou Foadi

  title of Āqā Moḥammad Qāʾeni, a prominent Bahai author and apologist (1829-92).

• NĀDER SHAH

  Ernest Tucker

  ruler of Iran, 1736-47. He rose from obscurity to control an empire that briefly stretched across Iran, northern India, and parts of Central Asia, with a reputation as a skilled military commander and with  success in battle against numerous opponents, including the Ottomans and the Mughals.

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• NAFAR

  Pierre Oberling

  a tribe of Fārs and the Tehran region. Although of Turkic origin, the Nafar of Fārs have become a mixture of Turkic, Arab, and Lor elements.

• NAJM-AL-SALṬANA

  Mansoureh Ettehadieh

  a Qajar princess whose life spanned the late Qajar and early Pahlavi eras (b. 1231-32 Š./1853; d. 1311 Š./1932).

• NAJM-E ṮĀNI

  Michel M. Mazzaoui

  (d. 918/1512), the third holder of the office of wakil-e nafs-e nafis-e Homāyun under Shah Esmāʿil Ṣafawi, the representative of the Shah both in his religious and in his political capacity.

• NAḴJAVĀNI, ḤĀJJ MOḤAMMAD

  Hushang Ettehad and EIr

  (1880-1962), businessman, scholar, and collector of manuscripts.

• NAḴL

  Peter Chelkowski

  one of the principal objects related to the mourning rituals commemorating the suffering and martyrdom of Imam Ḥosayn b. ʿAli.

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• NAḴŠABI, ŻIĀʾ-AL-DIN

  Mohammad Karimi Zanjani Asl

  14th-century Češti mystic and author. Though originally from Naḵšab (or Nasaf, in Transoxiana), his family emigrated to India at the time of Mongol incursions.

• NALÎ

  Keith Hitchins

  (1797 or 1800-1855 or 1856), Kurdish poet who contributed immensely to making Sorani the literary language of southern Kurdistan, that is, most of present-day Iraq and the neighboring districts in Iran.

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