Table of Contents

• ESCHATOLOGY ii. Manichean Eschatology

  Werner Sundermann

  Manichean eschatology, teachings about final things, provided information on what happened during and after the death of a single human being and also on what would happen before and at the end of this world.

• ESCHATOLOGY iii. Imami Shiʿism

  M. A. Amir-Moezzi

  It is known that among Islamic doctrinal trends and schools of thought that Shiʿism, Imami Shiʿism in particular, has developed eschatological doctrine most fully.

• ESCHATOLOGY iv. In Babism and Bahaism

  Stephen Lambden

  Individual Babis and Bahais have compiled testimonia and written “demonstrative treatises” (estedlālīya) to show the fulfillment, in their religion, of apocalyptic and eschatological prophecies.

• EṢFAHĀN

  Cross-Reference

  See ISFAHAN.

• EṢFAHĀN and EṢFAHĀNĀT

  Cross-Reference

  See BAYĀT-E EṢFAHĀN.

• EṢFAHĀNĪ, ʿABD-AL-ḤASAN

  David Pingree

  b. Aḥmad b. ʿAlī b. Ḥasan, author of the Ketāb al-bolhān on astrology, magic, divination, and demonology, which he composed around 1400 for Ḥosayn b. Aḥmad b. Moḥammad Erbelī.

• EṢFAHĀNĪ, ABU’L-ŠAYḴ ABŪ MOḤAMMAD ʿABD-ALLĀH

  Martin McDermott

  b. Moḥammad b. Jaʿfar b. Ḥayyān ḤĀFEẒ ANṢĀRĪ (887-979), traditionist and Koran commentator, important principally for his Ṭabaqāt al-moḥaddeṯīn.

• ESFAHANI, Jaleh

  Shadab Vajdi

  (Žāla Eṣfahāni, b. Esfahan, 1921; d. London, 29 November 2007), poet and political activist. Esfahani’s poetry is ensconced in the tradition of Persian prosody. With few exceptions, she adheres to the metrical traditions of classical Persian poetry. She frequently borrows imageries from poets of the classical period and adapts them to the requirements of her politically laden poems.

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• EṢFAHĀNI, MOḤAMMAD MAʿṢUM

  Kioumars Ghereghlou

  (ca. 1597-ca. 1647), Safavid bureaucrat and historian, whose history entitled the Ḵolāṣat al-siar chronicles the reign of Shah Ṣafi.

• ESFAHSĀLĀR

  Cross-Reference

  See SEPAHSĀLĀR.