Table of Contents

• BĀLAYBALAN LANGUAGE

  C. G. Häberl

  an a priori constructed language combining elements of the grammar of Arabic, Persian, and Turkish, and known principally from a single text, a dictionary.

• BALDARČĪN

  cross-reference

  See BELDERČĪN.

• BĀLEḠ

  S. H. Amin

  Ar. “of full age, adult, mature,” in contrast to the term ṣaḡīr (minor): coming of age in Islamic law.

• BALḴ

  X. de Planhol, C. E. Bosworth, V. Fourniau, D. Balland, F. Grenet

  Within this area and on the irrigated alluvial fan, at a distance of about 12 km from the mountains, the city was built on a site (the Bālā Ḥeṣār of today) which was probably coextensive with a slight rise in the plain and perhaps adjacent to an old arm of the river.

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• BALḴĀB

  D. Balland

  (Bactros of the classical authors), the river of Balḵ. This perennial river is a major feature of the geography of northern Afghanistan.

• BALḴĪ, ABŪ ʿALĪ ABD-ALLĀH

  H. Schützinger

  B. MOḤAMMAD B. ʿALĪ (d. 907-08), a traditionist (moḥaddeṯ) and author.

• BALḴĪ, ABŪ ʿALĪ-MOḤAMMAD

  cross-reference

  B. AḤMAD. See ʿALĪ B. AḤMAD BALḴĪ.

• BALḴI, ABU’L-MOʾAYYAD

  Cross-Reference

  See ABU’l-MOʾAYYAD BALḴI.

• BALḴĪ, ABU’L-QĀSEM ʿABD-ALLĀH AḤMAD

  cross-reference

  B. AḤMAD. See ABU’L-QĀSEM KAʿBĪ.

• BALUCHISTAN

  Multiple Authors

  generally understood by the Baluch and their neighbors to comprise an area of over half a million square kilometers in the southeastern part of the Iranian plateau, south of the central deserts and the Helmand river, and in the arid coastal lowlands between the Iranian plateau and the Gulf of Oman.