ELAM, ancient country encompassing a large part of the Persian plateau at the end of the 3rd millennium B.C.E. but reduced to the territory of Susiana in the Achaemenid period. The name Elam is derived from Greek Aylam, itself borrowed from Hebrew ʿElām; the Elamites called their country Ha(l)tamti/Hatamti “lord country,” which the Akkadians rendered Elamtu and the Sumerians designated with the ideogram NIM “high, elevated.”

i. The history of Elam.

ii. The archaeology of Elam.

iii. Proto-Elamite.

iv. Linear Elamite.

v. Elamite language.

vi. Elamite religion.

vii. Non-Elamite texts in Elam.