Table of Contents

• MOḴTĀR-NĀMA

  Daniela Meneghini

  a wide-ranging collection of quatrains (2,088 in number) attributed to the mystic poet Farid-al-Din ʿAṭṭār (d. ca. 1221).

• MOLÉ, MARIJAN 

  Philippe Gignoux

  (1924-63), distinguished scholar of ancient Iran and Persian Sufism.

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• MOLLA NASREDDIN i. THE PERSON

  Hasan Javadi

  character who appears in thousands of stories, always witty, sometimes wise, even philosophic, sometimes the instigator of practical jokes on others and often a fool or the butt of a joke.

• MOLLA NASREDDIN ii. POLITICAL AND SOCIAL WEEKLY

  Hasan Javadi

  a political and social weekly in Azeri Turkish (1906-31, with interruptions), with tremendous impact on the course of journalism and development of ideas.

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• MOLLĀ ṢADRĀ ŠIRĀZI

  Sajjad H. Rizvi

  (1571/72-1635/36?), Ṣadr-al-Din Moḥammad, arguably the most significant Islamic philosopher after Avicenna.

• MOMAYYEZ, Morteżā

  EIr

  (1936-2005), illustrator, painter, teacher and writer who played a pivotal role in the development of graphic design in contemporary Iran.

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• MONĀJĀT

  Multiple Authors

  a prayer genre which is often associated with the mystical verses of the Persian poet ʿAbdallāh Anṣāri (d. 1089) compiled in his famous Monājāt-nāma.

• MONĀJĀT i. In Zoroastrianism

  Beate Schmermbeck

  The Arabic word monājāt is often translated as “intimate conversation” referring to a Qurʾanic verse (19:52) in which the verb nājā describes Moses talking confidentially with God at the Sinai.

• MONCHI-ZADEH, DAVOUD

  Siamak Adhami

  (Dāvud Monšizāda; b. Tehran, 28 August 1914; d. Uppsala, 13 July 1989), Iranian linguist and political activist.

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• MONʿEMĪ

  Cross-Reference

  18th-century historian of Kashmir. See ABU’L-QĀSEM MOḤAMMAD ASLAM.

• MONGOLS

  Peter Jackson

  an Altaic people who conquered an empire that embraced China, Central Asia, the south Russian steppe, Iran, Afghanistan and Iraq.

• MONGOLS ii. Mongolian Loanwords in Persian

  Michael Knüppel

  early Turkic and Mongolian have many common features that were occasionally interpreted as indications to a genetic relationship between the two language families.

• MONJIK TERMEḎI

  Ehsan Shavarebi

  a Persian-language poet of the late 10th century.

• MONKEY

  Cross-Reference

  See BŪZĪNA.

• MONẒEM, Mirzā ʿAbd-al-Wāḥed

  Keith Hitchins

  (1875 or 1877-1934), a Tajik poet, social activist, and journalist. Raised and influenced by Ṣadr-e Żiāʾ, he eventually embarked upon a career as a poet and commentator on public issues as an ardent proponent of education and general enlightenment, and a resolute opponent of the emir of Bokhara’s regime.

• MOOREY, Peter Roger Stuart

  John Curtis

  Moorey sat on various administrative bodies and received many distinctions. He was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries in 1967. Reflecting his involvement with Iranian studies and related fields, he was a member of the Governing Council of the British Institute of Persian Studies. 

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• MOQANNAʿ

  Patricia Crone

  (lit. “the veiled one,” d. 163/780 or later), leader of a rebellious movement in Sogdiana.

• MORḠ-E SAḤAR

  Morteza Hosayni Dehkordi and Parvin Loloi

  (Dawn bird), a taṣnif (song) in māhur mode,  probably written for its music around 1921, when the first signs of dictatorship were appearing.

• MORḠĀB

  Habib Borjian

  district covering the Pamir Plateau in eastern Tajikistan, of which it is the administrative center. 

• MORGENSTIERNE, Georg Valentin von Munthe af

  Fridrick Thordarson

  Norwegian linguist and orientalist, specializing in Indo-Iranian languages, particularly those spoken in Afghanistan, the Pamirs, and the northwest of the Indian subcontinent (1892-1978).

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