PLANHOL, XAVIER DE (b. Paris, 3 February 1926, d. Paris, 17 May 2016; Figure 1), prominent cultural geographer and leading…

KERMAN ii. HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY THE NAME OF KERMAN In the early Achaemenid period, the name of Kerman (for most recent…

KERMAN ii. Historical Geography THE NAME OF KERMAN In the early Achaemenid period, the name of Kerman (for most recent…

KARAJ i. Modern City In the present day, Karaj is a major suburb of Tehran. But until the second half…

FĪRŪZKŪH,name of two towns: (1) a fortified city in the medieval Islamic province of Ḡūr in Central Afghanistan, which was…

DEMOGRAPHY, the statistical study of characteristics of human populations. i. In Persia since 1319 Š./1940. ii. In Afghanistan. iii. In…

DELĀRESTĀQ (also Delārostāq, Dīlārostāq), dehestān (administrative district) in the šahrestān of Āmol (Lārījān baḵš), on the northeastern slope of Mount…

DARBAND QUARTER (دربند) of Tehran, formerly a village in the summer resort (yeylāq) of Šamīrān, situated at an elevation of 1,700 m…

i. Geography. ii. In Iranian mythology.   Geography The mountain Mount Damāvand is a recent volcano with regular contours, part…

ČĀLŪS, a small town in western Māzandarān (šahrestān of Nowšahr, baḵš of Čālūs) located about 8 km from the Caspian…

BĀZARGĀN, a village on the Turkish-Iranian frontier eighteen kilometers northwest of Mākū (West Azerbaijan province, šahrestān and baḵš of Mākū,…

JĀJRUD, a major river of the southern slopes of central Alborz (q.v.) in the Central Plateau (140 km long, basin…

GARMSĀR, a region (Qešlāq and Garmsār) in the province of Semnān situated beyond the Caspian Gates. It has been known…

FRANCE xii(c). IRANIAN STUDIES IN FRANCE: SOCIAL SCIENCES AND MODERN PERSIA Beginnings. The history of French scholarship on modern Persia…

FRANCE xii(a). IRANIAN STUDIES IN FRANCE: OVERVIEW From the origins to the end of the 19th century: The primacy of…