AUTOPHRADATES

 

AUTOPHRADATES (Greek rendering of Old Persian *Vāta-fradāta, Lycian Wataprddata). The bearers of this name include: 1. A satrap of Lydia under Artaxerxes II, from 391 B.C. until the late 350s. Some coins with his portrait come from the cities Lampsacus and Cyme, which belonged to his satrapy. In an inscription from Lycia, which was in the sphere of his influence, he is called “Vātafradāta, the Persian satrap.” He is also pictured at Xanthos on the sarcophagus of Paiawa, a Lycian commander. Autophradates and Hecatomnos, satrap of Caria, were ordered to put down the rebellion of Evagoras, king of Cyprian Salamis, who since 390 B.C. was in open revolt against Artaxerxes II. Only after ten years did Evagoras surrender on his own terms. When ca. 368 B.C. Datames, satrap of Cilicia and Cappadocia, revolted against Artaxerxes II, and the next year Ariobarzanes, satrap of Hellespont Phrygia, joined him, Autophradates was ordered to put down both rebellions. But with the help of Athens and Sparta the rebellion spread further, and about 364 all the satraps of Asia Minor and Orontes, satrap of Armenia, joined the rebels, and in 362 even Autophradates was compelled to desert to them. In 360 Ariobarzanes was betrayed by one of his sons, Datames was attacked by his own soldiers, and Orontes surrendered to Artaxerxes, and only then did Autophradates manage to put down the Satraps’ Revolt.

2. A Persian general who together with Pharnabazus, nephew of Memnon, in 333-32 B.C. restored the Persian rule over the islands of the Aegean Sea and the coast of Asia Minor which had been conquered by Alexander the Great (Arrian, Anabasis 2.1-2).

3. A satrap of Tapurians. In 330 B.C. he surrendered to Alexander the Great in Hyrcania and was granted his satrapy, but about 328 refused to obey him and was deprived of his office. Curtius calls him Phradates (Arrian, Anabasis 3.24.3; 4.18.2; Curtius 4.12.9; 6.4.24-25; 6.5.21; 8.3.17).

 

Bibliography:

K. J. Beloch, Griechische Geschichte2, Strasburg, 1912-27, III/2, pp. 135-36.

W. A. P. Childs, “Lycian Relations with Persians and Greeks in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries Re-examined,” AnatolianStudies 31, London, 1981, pp. 72-76. Diodorus 15.90-93.

J. Friedrich, Kleinasiatische Sprachdenkmäler, Berlin, 1932, no. 40.

E. Meyer, Geschichte des Altertums V, Stuttgart and Berlin, 1933, pp. 31 l-17, 454-57, 485-87.

A. T. Olmstead, History of the Persian Empire, Chicago, 1948, pp. 391-92, 412-13, 421-22.

A. Sh. Shahbazi, The Irano-Lycian Monuments, Persepolis, 1975, pp. 146f.

For the name see Justi, Namenbuch, pp. 52-53.

E. Benveniste, Titres er noms propres en iranien ancien, Paris, 1966, p. 102.

W. Hinz, Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen, Wiesbaden, 1975, p. 258.

M. Mayrhofer and R. Schmitt, eds., Iranisches Personennamenbuch V/4, pp. IV/26-27.

Search terms:

 اوتوفرادات autophradate

 

(M. A. Dandamayev)

Originally Published: December 15, 1987

Last Updated: August 17, 2011

This article is available in print.
Vol. III, Fasc. 1, p. 29