MORGAN, DAVID ORRIN (b. Wales, April 29, 1945; d. Middlesex, October 23, 2019), a British historian of medieval Iran and…

JOVAYNI, ṢĀḤEB DIVĀN ŠAMS-AL-DIN MOḤAMMAD b. Moḥammad (k. 4 Šaʿbān 683/16 October 1284), Persian statesman of the early Il-khanaid period…

JOČI (in Persian and Turkic also Tuši, Duši, ca. 1184-1227), the eldest son of Čengiz Khan (d. 1227, q.v.) and…

ILAK-KHANIDS (or Qara-khanids), the first Muslim Turkic dynasty that ruled in Central Asia from the Tarim basin to the Oxus…