MINĀB, city and capital of Mināb subprovince (šahrestān) in Hormozgān province (ostān); the city is located at lat 27° 7′…

KISH (Kiš or Qiš; Ar. Qays), small island in the lower Persian Gulf (lat 26° 37′ N, long 54° 00′…

KURĀNGUN, site of an Elamite rock relief located on the north face of the lowest spur of the Kuh-e Pātāva,…

DROUVILLE, GASPARD (1783-1856), French military officer, soldier-of-fortune, and travel writer. Known mainly for his account of Iran, Voyage en Perse,…

LĀVĀN ISLAND, in the Persian Gulf. Lāvān is located at lat 26.8˚ N and long 53.3˚ E, six nautical miles west-southwest of…

LĀRAK, a small island in the Straits of Hormuz to the south of Hormuz Island, located approximately 45 kms southeast…

DONKEY ii. Domestication in Iran The domestication of the African ass (Equus africanus) and the development of the donkey (Equus…

ARABIA ii. The Sasanians and Arabia Within a few years after the commencement of Ardašir I’s (r. ca. 224-242) program…

JENJĀN, coll. Jenjun, “Jinjun,” village in the Dašt-e Rostam-e Yek plain, at the western end of the Fahliān area of…

JĀSK, also written Jāšk (Jasques in English East India Company sources), a small Baluchi port on the Makrān coast with…

PERSIAN GULF i. IN ANTIQUITY The Persian Gulf (24°-30°30′N, 48°-56°30′E) is a shallow, epi-continental sea approximately 1,000 km long and…

QESHM ISLAND (Jazira-ye Qešm, Ar. Jazira-al-Ṭawila); the largest island (ca. 122 km long, 18 km wide on average, 1,445 sq…

BAMPUR ia. PREHISTORIC SITE Since Beatrice de Cardi’s excavations at Bampur in 1966 (de Cardi, 1968; idem, 1970) no new…

MARITIME TRADE i. PRE-ISLAMIC PERIOD In comparison with Mesopotamia, which provides an abundance of cuneiform sources as well as physical…

PEARL ii. ISLAMIC PERIOD Introduction. In the Islamic era pearls have been widely used as jewels. They have been pierced…

TIGRIS RIVER, Sum. Idigna, Akk. (I)Diq/gla(t) (Nashef, 1982, pp. 302-3), Elam. Diglat (Vallat, 1993, p. 329), Old Pers. Tigrā- (Kent,…