ḴORFA (Portulaca oleracea L.), English “common purslane,” of the Portulacaceae family (purslane family), a pharmaceutical plant (PLATE I). The genus…

QALAM  “reed pen.”  Qalam (قلم) is a common name for a reed (nay/ney, نی), a perennial plant of the grass…

ḴIRI (Mid. Pers. hērīg), wallflower (Cheiranthus cheiri L., synonym: Erysimum cheiri (L.) Crantz), a widely cultivated, sweet-smelling, ornamental plant of…

SAQQEZ, a semifluid resin obtained from cuts and cracks of the wild pistachio trees, Pistacia mutica Fisch and C. A….

LILAC, a fragrant, deciduous shrub of the genus Syringa of Oleaceae, olive family.  The term is derived from Persian lilanj,…

LILY, name of herbaceous and bulbous flowering plants of the genus Lilium L. of Liliaceae, the lily family.  The lily,…

ḴĀKŠI (or ḵākšir, ḵākšū; flixweed), a medicinal plant, Descurainia sophia (L) Webb ex Prantl (Syn. Sisymbrium sophia L.) of the…

ḴAṬMI (or ḵeṭmi), “marshmallow,” Althaea officinalis L. of the family Malvaceae (the mallow family), an important pharmaceutical plant. Plants of the…

KATIRĀ (gum tragacanth), a plant exudate from Astragalus species, particularly A. gummifer and A. microcephalus, of the family Leguminosae, widely…

KANAF (Hibiscus cannabinus L.), English “kenaf,” an annual herbaceous plant of the Malvaceae family, yielding a soft fiber from the…