the concept and institution in the Iranian world. See also CORONATION; COURTS AND COURTIERS, CROWN PRINCE; CROWNS, GIFT-GIVING; FARR(AH); INVESTITURE.

i. In the pre-Achaemenid period

ii. In the Achaemenid Empire

iii. In the Parthian Period

iv. In Sasanian Iran

v. In Eastern Iranian Lands

vi. The Persian concept of kingship in the Islamic period

vii. In the Post-Mongol period

viii. In Qajar and Pahlavi Iran