FEVZİ (FAWZĪ) EFENDİ, MEḤMED, Ottoman author who wrote some books in Persian (b. Tavas district of Denizli province, 1826; d….

FAŻLĪ, MEḤMED (Moḥammad; or ʿAlī; see Kašf al-ẓonūn II, p. 1506) ÇAĞDAŞLAN Turkish poet, known also as Qara Fażlī (b….

FEHİM SÜLEYMAN (FAHĪM SOLAYMĀN) EFENDİ, a Persian teacher and poet of Turkish origin (b. Istanbul, 1203/1789; d. 1262/1846). There is…

FATTĀḤĪ NĪŠĀBŪRĪ, MOḤAMMAD, b. Yaḥyā Sībak, Persian poet of the Timurid era, born in Nīšāpūr (hence his nesba Nīšābūrī) at…

ʿEZZAT PĀŠĀ, MOḤAMMAD (Mehmet İzzet Paşa; b. Kayseri, 1 Ḏu’l-ḥejja 1258/5 January, 1843, d. Istanbul 1332/1914), author of a Persian-Turkish…

ESʿAD EFENDİ, MEHMED (Moḥammad Asʿad Efendi; b. Istanbul, 10 Moḥarram 978/14 June 1570, d. Istanbul, 14 Šaʿbān 1034/21 June 1625),…

EMĪN YOMNĪ, MEḤMED (Moḥammad Amīn); b. Solaymānīya in Persia, 1261/1845, d. Istanbul, 28 Šaʿbān 1342/5 April 1924), Turkish poet and…

ESʿAD DEDE, MEHMED (Moḥammad Asʿad Dada), Turkish author and Sufi poet of the Mawlawī order (b. in Salonika, 1257/1841; d….

DEDE ʿOMAR RŪŠANĪ (b. Güzel Ḥeṣār, Aydın province, in western Anatolia, at an indeterminate date; d. Tabrīz, 892/1487), Turkish Sufi…

DEDEYŪSOF SĪNAČĀK (b. Yenice on the Vardar in Ottoman Māqadūnīā [modern Macedonia] at an indeterminate date, d. Istanbul, 861/1546), Mawlawī…

DÜRRI EFENDI (Dorrī Afandī), AḤMAD (b. Van, date unknown, d. Istanbul, 1135/1722), Ottoman poet, civil servant, and diplomat who served…

ESMĀʿĪL ḤAQQĪ BORSAVĪ (or Oskodārī) b. MOṢṬAFĀ, Shaikh Abu’l-Fedāʾ; Turkish scholar, theologian, and mystic (b. Aydos near Edirne, 1063/1652; d….

ELĪFEFENDI, Ḥaṣīrīzāda (b. in Sütlüce, Rajab 1266/May 1850; d. 28 Jomādā I 1345/4 December 1926), Turkish poet and scholar. He…

EBN BĪBĪ, NĀṢER-AL-DĪN ḤOSAYN b. Moḥammad b. ʿAlī Jaʿfarī Roḡadī, Persian historian and man of letters. He was the son…

EBRĀHĪM DEDE ŠĀHEDĪ, Turkish poet and lexicographer. His father Hodāyī Ṣāleḥ, who had been educated in Persia, was appointed by…

DĀʿĪ, pen name of AḤMAD b. Ebrāhīm b. Moḥammad, Turkish scholar and poet who wrote in both Persian and Turkish….

DĀNEŠMAND, Amir Ḡāzī Taylu Gümüš-tigin Aḥmad (or Moḥammad) Dānešmand (d. 498/1104), founder of a Turkman dynasty in northern Cappadocia toward…

ČELEBĪ (Čalabī), FATḤ-ALLĀH ʿĀREF or ʿĀrefī, 10th/16th-century poet and author of a Šāh-nāma (Solaymān-nāma) extolling the Ottoman rulers. All contemporary…

ČELEBĪ (Čalabī), ʿĀREF (670-719/1272-1320), the son of Bahāʾ-al-Dīn Solṭān Walad and the grand­son of Mawlānā Jalāl-al-Dīn Moḥammad Rūmī. His mother was…

QOṬB-AL-DIN ḤAYDAR ZĀVI (Zāvagi), a famous Sufi of Turkish origin and founder of the Ḥaydariya sect of the Qalandariya order. …

JALĀLZĀDA, MOṢṬAFĀ ÇELEBI, also known as “Koja Nişancı” (Ḵᵛāja Nešānči), Ottoman historian and administrator (b. Tosya, ca. 895-900/1490-94; d. Istanbul,…

ḤOSĀM-AL-DIN ʿALI BEDLISI NURBAḴŠI, Kurdish Sufi author of a commentary on the Qurʾān among other works (d. 900/1494-95), and father…

ḤEKMAT BEY (Hikmet Bey), ʿĀREF, Ottoman šayḵ-al-eslām (supreme authority in religious matters) from 1262/1845 to 1270/1854 and poet in Turkish,…

ḤAYĀTI, ABDÜLHAY (ʿAbd-al-Ḥayy), 9th/15th century poet who wrote a series of Turkish poems modeled on Neẓāmi’s Ḵamsa. Nothing is known…

ḤASAN B. ʿABD-AL-MOʾMEN, ḤOSĀM-AL-DIN ḴOʾI, scribe, poet and lexicographer from Azarbaijan of the 7th/13th century. Little is known about his…

ḤALIMI, LOṬF-ALLĀH b. Abi Yusof, an Ottoman poet and lexicographer of Persian origin (d. 922/1516). It is not clear when…

ḤĀFEẒ-e ʿAJAM, HĀFEẒ-AL-DIN MOḤAMMAD b. Aḥmad b. ʿĀdel Çelebi, scholar of religion and author (d. 957/1550). He was born at…

ḤABIB EṢFAHĀNI, Mirzā, Iranian poet, grammarian and translator, who spent much of his life in exile in Ottoman Turkey (1835-93;…

GOLŠANI ṢĀRUḴĀNI, a 15th-century Turkish poet who also wrote in Persian. His original name is unknown, and virtually no information…

GOLŠANI, MOḤYI MOḤAMMAD, b. Fatḥ-Allāh b. Abi Ṭāleb, scholar and author in Persian and Turkish and inventor of an artificial…

ḤOBAYŠ B. EBRĀHIM B. MOḤAMMAD TEFLISI, author of numerous scientific works (d. ca. 600/1203-04) who lived in Anatolia. Ḥobayš’s exact…

ḤĀMEDI EṢFAHĀNI (or Ḥāmedi ʿAjam), a poet of Persian origin (b. Isfahan, 843/1439; d. Bursa, ca. 890/1485) at the court…

GOLŠANĪ, EBRĀHIM, b. Moḥammad b. Ebrāhim b. Šehāb-al-Din (d. 9 Šawwāl 940/23 April 1534), Sufi poet and the founder of…

GÖLPINARLI, ABDÜLBAKI, Turkish scholar noted in particular for his studies of the Turkish Sufi orders (b. Istanbul, 10 Ramażān 1317/12…

ḠOBĀRI, ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN b. ʿAbd-Allāh, Ottoman poet, calligrapher, and Sufi who wrote in both Turkish and Persian (d. 974/1566). According to…

GENÇOSMAN, MEHMED NURÎ, Turkish poet and translator of Persian works (b. 1897 in the Ağın district of Elazığ; d. Istanbul,…

ḠĀLEB DADA, MOḤAMMAD ASʿAD (Mehmed Esad Galib Dede) also known as Shaikh Ḡāleb (Şeyh Galib), poet in Turkish and Persian…

ḴᵛĀJAZĀDA ASʿAD EFENDI, MOḤAMMAD (MEḤMED) (b. Istanbul, 10 Moḥarram 978/14 June 1570, d. Istanbul 14 Šaʿbān 1034/22 May 1625), Ottoman…

BAYĀNI,JĀR-ALLĀH-ZĀDA, Shaikh Moṣtafā (d. 1005-6/ 1597), a Turkish poet who composed taḵmis (poems consisting of stanzas of five lines [meşrāʿ]…

BAHĀʾITABRIZI, AḤMAD (b. Tabriz, 1874, d. Istanbul, 1 June 1925), Persian calligrapher and poet. He began studying calligraphy in his…

ATEŞ, AHMED (Aḥmad Ātaš), Turkish Orientalist and scholar of Persian literature (b. Ağcaköy near Birecik in southeastern Turkey, 1911/ d….

—ŠŠŠ— [Şakir Ağa, Aḥmed (Šāker Āḡā, Aḥmad), (d. 1199/1785). The author of the Taqwim-e sāl-e 1185-1186 (OALT, I, pp. 499-500;…

PERSIAN AUTHORS OF ASIA MINOR (PĀRSINEVISĀN-E ĀSIĀ-YE SAḠIR) Introduction. After converting to Islam the Turks grew familiar with the Persian…

HAMZA NİGARİ (Ḥamza Negāri) Ḥāji Mir Ḥamza Efendi b. Mir Pāšā, Sufi and poet from Azarbaijan, who wrote in both…

ḤOLWI, JAMĀL-AL-DIN MAḤMUD, biographer of the leaders of the Ḵalwati Sufi order and minor poet (b. Istanbul, 982/1574, d. 1064/1654)….

ʿĀṢEM EFENDĪ, SAYYED AḤMAD (1168/1755-1236/1819), an Ottoman Turkish linguist and chronicler, known as Mütercim (translator) in recognition of his translations…

ʿALĪ AKBAR ḴEṬĀʾĪ (9th-10th/15th-16th Cent.), author of the Persian Ḵeṭāy-nāma or “Book of Cathay,” i.e., of China. Although his surname…

AFLĀKĪ ʿĀREFĪ, ŠAMS-AL-DĪN, b. between ca. 685/1286 and 690/1291, author of texts on the virtues of Jalāl-al-dīn Rūmī and his…

ʿADNĪ, MAḤMŪD PĀŠĀ (879/1474), Ottoman vizier and poet, better known in Turkish literature by his pen name ʿAdnī. Born to…

ʿABDĪ, pen name of ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN PASHA, Ottoman official and historian, d. Raǰab, 1103/March, 1692. He was educated at the palace…

ʿABDALLĀH, ṢĀRĪ (922-1071/1584-1660), Ottoman scholar, mystic, poet, and commentator of Rūmī’s Maṯnavī. He was one of the sons of a…

ABDĀL, QARA ŠEMSĪ (1244-1303/1828-86), a Turkish poet who also wrote poetry in Persian. He was born in Konya. As his…

ʿABD-AL-VĀḤED B. JALĀL-AL-DĪN MOḤAMMAD AL-HAMADĀNĪ, the son of a shaikh of the Naqšbandī order. Originally from Hamadān, he migrated to…

ʿABD-AL-QĀDER BALḴĪ (1839-1923), an Ottoman Sufi and poet who came originally from Balḵ. He was born at Ḵānqāh, one of…

ʿABD-AL-BĀQĪ LAʿLĪZĀDA (d. 1746 A.D.), Ottoman scholar, son of Shaikh Laʿlī Meḥmed, the grandson of Sarı ʿAbdallāh, a commentator on…

ʿABD-AL-ʿAZĪZ QARA ČELEBIZĀDA (1591-1658), an Ottoman historian and the translator of some Persian works, born in Istanbul in 1000/1591. He…

ʿABD-AL-ʿAZĪZ ḤEKĪMBĀŠĪ (d. 1197/1782-83), an Ottoman physician, son of the Ottoman historian Ṣobḥī. He served as chief physician at the…

KAMĀL PĀŠĀ-ZĀDA, ŠAMS-AL-DIN AḤMAD, also known as Kamālpāšā-Oḡlu and Ebn-e Kamāl (873-940/1468-1534), prolific Ottoman scholar, author of several works in…