ʿADNĪ, MAḤMŪD PĀŠĀ (879/1474), Ottoman vizier and poet, better known in Turkish literature by his pen name ʿAdnī. Born to a Greek or Serbian family, Maḥmūd Pāšā finished his studies in the palace at Edirne before the accession of Sultan Moḥammad II to the throne. The sultan raised him to the rank of vizier. He was present at all major battles of this period and rendered great services to the Ottoman state. His achievements roused the jealousies of those around him, whose slanders eventually caused his dismissal and execution by the sultan (1474). He also contributed to Persian and Turkish literature. His dīvān includes forty-five ḡazals and twenty-one mofrads in Persian and some rather successful naẓīras on the ḡazals of Ẓahīr Fāryābī and Ḥāfeẓ. He also wrote a number of official letters in Persian.