CENTRAL ASIA xi. Economy from the Timurids until the 18th Century The economy of Central Asia after the fall of…

CENTRAL ASIA vi. In the 16th-18th Centuries I. The appanage state system. An overview (Table 28a; Table 28b). With the…

ČORĀS, ŠĀH-MAḤMŪD b. Mīrzā Fāżel, historian of the 17th-century Chaghatay khanate (see chinese turkestan v) in Moḡūlestān and hagiographer and…

BOḴĀRĪ, ĀḴŪND MOLLĀ MOḤAMMAD-ŠARĪF b. Moḥammad Ḥosaynī ʿAlawī Ṣeddīqī, also known as Šarīf-e Boḵārī and Mollā Šarīf, the leading Qurʾān…

ʿĀLAMĀRĀ-YE ŠĀH ESMĀʿĪL, an anonymous narrative of the life of Shah Esmāʿīl (r. 907-30/1501-24), the founder of the Safavid dynasty…

ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN B. SOYŪNJ, an Uzbek amir of the Ūšūn (or Oyšūn) tribe (olūs) and a major military-administrative figure in Balḵ…

FAYŻ MOḤAMMAD KĀTEB, Afghan court chronicler and secretary to the amir Ḥabīb–Allāh Khan (q.v.; r. 1319-37/1901-19). Fayż Moḥammad was born…

BARḴᵛARDĀR TORKMĀN, MĪRZĀ, author of Aḥsan al-sīar,a history of Shah Esmāʿīl Ṣafawī, com­pleted in either 930/1523-24 (Williams, 1916, p. 298)…

BADĪʿ-AL-ZAMĀN MĪRZĀ, by most accounts the last of the Chaghatay/Timurid rulers of Badaḵšān. He was either the grandson (by a…

ABU’L-ḤASAN B. MOḤAMMAD AMĪN GOLESTĀNA, vizier of Kermānšāhān and chronicler of post-Afsharid Iran. He was a member of a family…

ʿABD-AL-QODDŪS B. SOLṬĀN MOḤAMMAD B. SOLṬĀN PĀYANDA MOḤAMMADZĀY SARDĀR, called ŠAGASĪ, prominent Afghan military and political figure of the late…

ʿABD-AL-MOʾMEN B. ʿABDALLĀH B. ESKANDAR B. JĀNĪ BEG B. ḴᵛĀJĀ MOḤAMMAD B. ABU’L-ḴAYR, ABU’L-FATḤ, generally reckoned as the eleventh khan…

JUYBĀRIS, a prominent Bukharan family dynasty, whose leading social position in Bukhara lasted more than 500 years. One of the…

JOWZJĀNI, MIR JUJOK, a late 16th century literary figure given the title malek al-šoʿarāʾ at Balkh by the Shibanid (Šaybānid)…

MOḤAMMAD-AYYUB KHAN, born Amir Šēr-ʿAli Khan, a prominent Afghan political figure of the Moḥammadzi clan (1857-1914). He was the third…