Ihsan Abbas
(1920–2003), Palestinian literary critic, historian, philologist, editor, and translator specializing in classical and modern Arabic literature, Arabic literary criticism, and the editing of classical Arabic texts. He was a professor of Arabic literature at the American University of Beirut and previously taught at the University of Khartoum; he also served as a visiting professor at Princeton University. His numerous honors included the King Faisal International Prize (1980), the Thornton Wilder Prize for Translation (1983), the Sultan Al Owais Award (1990–91), and the al-Furqan Foundation Award for Islamic Heritage (2002), as well as distinguished medals from Lebanon and the Palestine Liberation Organization. He authored more than twenty-five books, edited over fifty classical Arabic works, and is widely regarded as one of the foremost Arab scholars of the twentieth century.
- ABĀN B. ʿABD-AL-ḤAMĪD
ABĀN B. ʿABD-AL-ḤAMĪD B. LĀHEQ, called LĀHEQĪ, late 2nd/8th century poet. He was of a Persian family, originally from Fasā,…
- ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN SARAḴSĪ
ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN B. MOḤAMMAD AL-SARAḴSĪ, ABŪ BAKR, a Hanafite jurist (d. 439/1047). Though originally from Saraḵs, he grew up in Baghdad,…
- ABŪ ʿALĪ FĀRESĪ
ABŪ ʿALĪ FĀRESĪ, ḤASAN B. AḤMAD B. ʿABD-AL-ḠAFFĀR (288-377/900-87), grammarian at the court of the Buyid ʿAżod-al-dawla (d. 366/977). He…
- ABU’L-ʿAMAYṮAL
ABU’L-ʿAMAYṮAL ʿABDALLĀH B. ḴOLAYD (or ḴĀLED or ḴOWAYLED) B. SAʿD, Tahirid court poet. Abu’l-ʿAmayṯal boasted of being a client of…
- ABŪ BAKR SAMARQANDĪ
ABŪ BAKR MOḤAMMAD B. AL-YAMĀN AL-SAMARQANDĪ (d. 268/881), a Hanafite jurist about whose life the available sources furnish no information….
- ADAB AL-KABĪR
ADAB AL-KABĪR, AL-, an Arabic work by Ebn al-Moqaffaʿ dealing largely with Persian manners and court etiquette. Although published many…
- ADAB AL-ṢAḠĪR
ADAB AL-ṢAḠĪR, AL-, an Arabic book of wisdom and advice, based on Middle Persian works. Recent discoveries tend to confirm…
- AʿMĀ
AʿMĀ, ABU’L-ʿABBĀS SĀʾEB B. FARRŪḴ, 1st-2nd/7th-8th century poet from Azarbaijan who wrote in Arabic. His father must have been a…
- AYYOHAʾL-WALAD
AYYOHA’L-WALAD, a short treatise by Abū Ḥāmed Moḥammad Ḡazālī Ṭūsī (fl. 450-505/1058-1111), originally composed in Persian, but, except for one…
- BARMAKIDS
BARMAKIDS or Barāmeka, a well-known family of secretaries and viziers during the time of the early ʿAbbasids, stemming from the…
- EBN ṬABĀṬABĀ, ABU’L-ḤASAN MOḤAMMAD
EBN ṬABĀṬABĀ, ABU’L-ḤASAN MOḤAMMAD b. Aḥmad b. Moḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Ebrāhīm Eṣfahānī (d. 322/933), poet and critic. An ʿAlawid…
- EBN MOSTAWFĪ, ABU’L-BARAKĀT ŠARAF-AL-DĪN MOBĀRAK
EBN MOSTAWFĪ, ABU’L-BARAKĀT ŠARAF-AL-DĪN MOBĀRAK b. Aḥmad b. Mobārak Erbelī (564-637/1168-1239), historian of Erbel. Both his father and his uncle,…
- EBN AL-ʿAMĪD
EBN AL-ʿAMĪD, cognomen of two famous viziers of the 4th/10th century: Abu’l-Fażl and his son Abu’l-Fatḥ. The father of the…
- BŪRĀN
BŪRĀN, (Middle Pers. Bōrān) also called Ḵadīja (192-271/807-84), wife of al-Maʾmūn and daughter of Ḥasan b. Sahl, was probably so…