ANĪS-AL-DAWLA (d. 1314/1896-97), the most important wife of Nāṣer-al-dīn Shah Qāǰār. Named Fāṭema-solṭān at birth (probably 1258/1842; C. Serena, Hommes…

AMĪNA(-YE) AQDAS or AMĪN-E AQDAS (d. 1311/1893), one of Nāṣer-al-dīn Shah’s most powerful wives. Named Zobayda at birth, she was…

DARYĀBEYGĪ (sea lord), originally an Ottoman naval title dating from the 15th century (Lewis, p. 165). In Persia it was…

DARBĀR-E AʿẒAM (lit., “the great court”), a council of ministers established in October 1872 asone of several experiments undertaken in…

DABĪR-AL-MOLK FARĀHĀNĪ, Mīrzā Moḥammad-Ḥosayn (1225-98/1810-80), director of the private royal secretariat (wazīr-e rasāʾel-e ḵāṣṣa) under Nāṣer-al-Dīn Shah (1264-1313/1848-96). He belonged…