ČARKAS (Cherkes), term used in Persian, Arabic, and Turkic for the Circassian people of the northwest Caucasus who call themselves…

PIR AḤMAD ḴᵛĀFI, ḠIĀṮ-AL-DIN (d. 857/ 1453), Timurid vizier who served over thirty years under Šāhroḵ (r. 1409-47) and his…

CLAVIJO, RUY GONZÁLEZ DE (d. 2 April 1412), ambassador from King Henry III of Castile and Leon (r. 1390-1406) to…

GOWHAR-ŠĀD ĀḠĀ, wife of Sultan Šāhroḵ b. Timur (r. 811-50/1409-47) and daughter of Ḡiāṯ-al-Din Tarḵān, a ranking amir under Timur….

ḴALIL SOLṬĀN b. MIRĀNŠĀH b. TIMUR (b. Herat, 14 July 1384; d. Ray, 2-3 November 1411), Timurid ruler (1405-09). His…