GOLHĀ, BARNĀMA-YE, (lit. “Flowers Program”), a series of radio programs which was on the air for almost twenty-three years (Farvardin 1335-Esfand 1357 Š./March 1956 to February 1979) and which aimed at illustrating the perennial thematic and aesthetic relationships between poetry and traditional music (musiqi-e sonnati or aṣil) in Persian culture and enhancing their appreciation by the general public. The program underwent considerable changes in style and management, and its long history can broadly be divided into three periods: 1956-67, when Dāwud Pirniā (Kāleqi, Ey Irān.
For a music sample, see Kāleqi, Mey-e nāb.
Bibliography
This article is based in part on interviews with a number of the poets and musicians involved in the production of the Golhā programs.
Published sources. Mortażā ʿAbd-al-Rasuli, “Dāwud Pirniā,” Rahāvard 5/18-19, 1988, pp. 286-92.
Moḥammad-Taqi Bahār, “Šeʿr dar Irān,” Majalla-ye tufān, 1928; repr. in M. Golbon, Bahār wa adabiyāt-e fārsī, Tehran, 1972, pp. 29-35.
Šāpur Behruzi, Čehrahā-ye musiqi-e Irān, 2 vols., Tehran, 1993.
Nelly Caron and Dariouche Safvat, Musique d’Iran, Paris, 1977, p. 214.
ʿAbbās Eqbāl, “Musiqi-e qadim-e Irān,” in idem, ed., Šeʿr wa musiqi dar Irān, Tehran, 1987, pp. 11-12, 70-71, 73, 131-32.
Samira Ebrāhimi, Delšodegān: tarānahā, sorudhā, wa taṣnifhā-ye melli, Tehran, 2000, p. 9.
Franklin Lewis, “Reading, Writing, and Recitation: Sanāʾi and the Origins of the Persian Ghazal,” Ph.D. diss., 3 vols., University of Chicago, 1995.
Iraj Maleki, “Vābastagi-e šeʿr wa musiqi,” in Šeʿr wa musiqi dar Irān, Tehran, 1987, pp. 125, 130.
Ḥosayn-ʿAli Mallāḥ, Peyvand-e musiqi wa šeʿr, Tehran, 1988, p. 94, 98-101.
Ḥabib-Allāh Naṣirifar, Mahdi Ḵāledi, Tehran, 1991, pp. 22, 27.
Idem, Golbāng-e Golhā: šeʿr wa musiqi, 2 vols., Tehran, 1998, p. 529.
Dāwud Pirniā, radio interview in April 1965, cited in Naṣirifar, I, pp. 54-60 and ʿAbd-al-Rasuli, pp. 289-92.
ʿAli-Moḥammad Rašidi, “Tarāna-sarāyi dar Irān,” in Ketāb-e māhur: majmuʿa-ye maqālāt-e musiqi I, Tehran, 1991, p. 35.
Esmāʿil Nawwāb-e Ṣafā, Ḵāṭerāt-e honari, Tehran, 1998.
Ḥasan Šahbāz, “Bedrud bā mašāhiri ke raftand,” Rahāvard 5/18-19, 1988, pp. 284-86.
Šams-al-Din Moḥammad b. Qays Rāzi, al-Moʿjam fi maʿāyir-e ašʿār al-ʿajam, ed. Moḥammad-Taqi Modarres-Rażawi, Tehran, 1957.
Sāsān Sepantā, Čašmandāz-e musiqi-e Iran, Tehran, 1989, p. 233.
Aḥmad Tafażżoli, Tāriḵ-e adabiyāt piš az Eslām, Tehran, 1997.
Ehsan Yarshater, “Affinities between Persian Poetry and Music,” in Peter Chelkowski, ed., Studies in Art and Literature of the Near East, Salt Lake City and New York, 1974, pp. 59-78.