LITHOGRAPHY (Pers. čāp-e sangi, planographic printmaking technique, invented by Alois Senefelder (b. Prague, 1771; d. Munich, 1834) at the end…

ḴOʾI, MIRZĀ ʿALIQOLI (b. Ḵoy, ca. 1230/1815; d. Tehran, ca. 1272/1856), the most prolific illustrator of Persian lithographed books in…

ENJAVĪ ŠĪRĀZĪ, SAYYED ABU’L-QĀSEM (b. Shiraz, 1921, d. Tehran, 25 Šahrīvar 1372 Š./16 September 1993), eminent Persian folklorist. He was…

BOHLŪL, ABŪ WOHAYB, b. ʿAmr b. Moḡīra Majnūn Kūfī, variously cited in later Persian literature as Bohlūl-e majnūn (Bohlūl the…

JĀMEʿ AL-TAMṮIL, a collection of Persian proverbs and their stories compiled in 1045/1644 by Moḥammad-ʿAli Ḥablarudi (variant readings Ḥilarudi, Jabal-rudi)….

ḤOSAYN-E KORD-E ŠABESTARI, Persian popular romance narrating the exploits of a Kurdish warrior from Šabestar known solely by the name…

HEDAYAT, SADEQ iii. Hedayat and Folklore Studies  In addition to his outstanding stature regarding modern Persian literature in general, Hedayat…

FOLKLORE STUDIES. i. OF PERSIA The term folklore denotes, in a very broad sense, the traditional cultural expression of any…

LITHOGRAPHY iv. LITHOGRAPHED ILLUSTRATIONS Lithographic illustration is a particular art form that was practiced in Persia for about a century,…