BĀBAK (Mid. Pers. Pāpak, Pābag), a ruler of Fārs at the beginning of the third century, father of Ardašīr, the…

ANDRAGORAS, Seleucid satrap of Parthia and Hyrcania, known primarily from his coins. He presumably revolted against Antiochus II about 245…

ADERGOUDOUNBADES, a kanārang (eastern border margrave) appointed by the Sasanian king Kavād (r. 488-531 A.D.). He is mentioned only in…

IRAN v. PEOPLES OF IRAN In the following discussion of “Iranian peoples,” the term “Iranian” may be understood in two…

OUPHARIZES (Greek name or appellative Wahriz), general of cavalry in the time of Ḵosrow I. He fought in Lazica against…