MOḴAMMESA, an early extremist Shiʿite (ḡolāt) sect who divinized five members (ahl al-kesāʾ/Āl-e ʿabā “the family of the cloak”) of…

ESḤĀQ AḤMAR NAḴAʿI (d. 286/899), full name: Esḥāq b. Moḥammad b. Abān Abu Yaʿqub al-Naḵaʿi al-Aḥmar al-Baṣri, a prominent Shiʿi…

MOFAŻŻAL al-JOʿFI, Abu ʿAbd-Allāh Abu Moḥammad b. ʿOmar (d. before 799), a prominent member of the Kufan ḡolāt and companion…