EGYPT x. Relations with Afghanistan Both Egypt and Afghanistan came under British hegemony in the latter part of the 19th…

ḤABIBIYA SCHOOL, an elite high school for boys established in 1321/1903 in Kabul and named after its founder, Amir Ḥabib-Allāh…

ḤABIB-ALLĀH, amir, monarch who initiated modernization in Afghanistan (b. 1872, d. 1919). For a historical account of his reign (1901-19), see…