ĀQĀ (or ĀḠĀ), Mongolian title, essentially meaning “elder brother” and by extension “senior member of the family.” It was in…

ĀLČĪ (“sealer”), a Turkish term (from āl “red seal”) designating an il-khanid chancery official. In Rašīd-al-dīn’s account of Ḡāzān’s administrative…

ALĀFRANK or ALA-FIRENG, the eldest son of the Il-khan Geiḵatu (r. 690-94/1291-95). His career is shrouded in a good deal…

AḴTĀJĪ, a term, Mongolian in origin, derived from aḵtā “gelding” and meaning “groom” or, more specifically in the context of…