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ĀTAŠ (Fire), a Persian journal of news and political comment, published at Tehran 1325-39 Š./1946-60. Publication began on 29 Farvardīn 1325 Š./19 April 1946. One issue per week was printed until the autumn of the first year, thereafter one issue per day until the beginning of the second year; then…

ĀTAŠ NIYĀYIŠN, the fifth in a group of five Zoroastrian prayers (niyāyišn), which is addressed to fire and its divinity (see ādur). It has seventeen “verses” or sections, and like almost all Avestan texts is a composite work. ĀNy. 7-16 corresponds to Y. 62.1-10, a part of the yasna service…

Search terms:  آتش، احمد atash, ahmed aatash, ahmed ahmad atesh ahmad aatesh      

“ĀTAŠ,” ḴᵛĀJA ʿALĪ ḤAYDAR B. ḴᵛĀJA ʿALĪ BAḴŠ, late eighteenth-early nineteenth-century Indo-Muslim poet in Persian and Urdu. He belonged to a respectable family of Delhi which claimed descent from Ḵᵛāja ʿObaydallāh Aḥrār (fl. 806-96/1404-90, q.v.), the noted Naqšbandī saint of Khorasan. His father moved from Delhi to Fayzabad in the…

ĀTAŠ-ZŌHR, or ātaš-zōr (Persian zōr-e ātaš, a Middle Persian term for the Zoroastrian ritual offering to fire of fat from a sacrificial animal, in which the fat caused the flames to leap up, and itself dissolved completely. The rite, now abandoned, appears to go back to at least the Indo-Iranian…

ĀTAŠDĀN (Zoroastrian Pahlavi) “place of fire, fire-holder,” designates the altar-like repository for a sacred wood-fire in a Zoroastrian place of worship. Ādurgāh, ātašgāh, and ādišt (today ādošt) are synonyms of ātašdān; ādišt (literally “fire-place”) is also attested in the Zoroastrian Pahlavi books for a domestic hearth. Nowadays the Zoroastrians of…

ATASHI, MANUCHEHR (Manučehr Ātaši, b. Dehrud-e Soflā, in Daštestān of Bušehr, 2 Mehr 1310 Š./25 September 1931; d. Tehran, 29 Ābān 1384 Š./20 November 2005), modernist poet, journalist, and translator (FIGURE 1). LIFE The eldest child of the family, Manuchehr was born to Pari and Moḥammad Ātaši in a small…

ĀTAŠKADA (New Persian) “house of fire,” Mid. Pers. ātaxš-kadag, kadag ī ātaxš, a Zoroastrian term for a consecrated building in which there is an ever-burning sacred fire (see ātaš); the name is less commonly attested in the Zoroastrian Pahlavi books than the synonymous mān ī ātaxš, xānag ī ātaxš. Western…

ATĀʾĪYA ORDER, a branch of the Yasavīya Sufi brotherhood especially active in Ḵᵛārazm from the 8th/14th century. The Turkish title Atā (father) was given to most of the early successors of Aḥmad Yasavī (d. 562/1166), but the Khwarazmian Atāʾīya stems in particular from Sayyed Atā, the second successor (ḵalīfa) of…

ATEŞ, AHMED (Aḥmad Ātaš), Turkish Orientalist and scholar of Persian literature (b. Ağcaköy near Birecik in southeastern Turkey, 1911/ d. Istanbul, 20 October 1966; Četin, p. 157, n. 1). Ateş was the son of Moṣṭafā Ātešzāda, a surveyor from Konya whose work took him all over Anatolia. Young Ahmed thus…

ATHENAIOS of NAUCRATIS, wrote the Deipnosophistai (Sophists at dinner), his only extant work, in which in about a hundred passages he deals with things Persian. Athenaios was born in Naucratis, Egypt, and lived in Rome, possibly at the beginning of the third century A.D. “If the Ulpian of his dialogue…

AṮĪR AḴSĪKATĪ, a poet of the 6th/12th century with a distinctive style. According to late sources such as Majmaʿ al-foṣaḥāʾ (I, p. 269), Aṯīr-al-dīn was his personal name. His nesba indicates that he came from Aḵsīkat, then the chief town of Farḡāna in Central Asia. He began his poetic career…

AṮĪR OWMĀNĪ, AṮĪR-AL-DĪN ʿABDALLĀH, a poet of the ʿErāqī (western Iranian) school of the 7th/13th century (d. 665/1266). He came from the village of Owmān near Hamadān, and is said to have been a pupil of the Ḵᵛāja Naṣīr-al-dīn Ṭūsī though firm evidence of this is lacking. He spent most…

Search terms: اثیر الدین ابهری asir aldin abhari asir al din abhari athir aldin abhari aseer al deen abhari asir aldin abhary      

ATKINSON, Dr. James A. (1780­-1852), a notable British orientalist, a scholar of the Persian language and literature, and the translator of Ferdowsī’s Rostam o Sohrāb, Neẓāmī’s Laylī o Majnūn, the popular Persian romance of Ḥātem Ṭāʾī, and others. Atkinson was born in Durham on 9 March 1780, and demonstrated early…