Explore Iranica

ʿEŠQĪ, MOḤAMMAD-REŻĀ MĪRZĀDA (b. 12 Jomādā II 1312/11 December 1894; killed 12 Tīr 1303 Š./3 July 1923, Figure 1), poet and journalist of post-constitution era and an important contributor to the modernization of poetry in Persia. ʿEšqī was born in Hamadān, where he attended two European-style schools, Olfat and Ālīāns…

ʿEŠQĪʿAẒĪMĀBĀDĪ, SHAIKH MOḤAMMAD WAJĪH-AL-DĪN, 18th-19th century poet and writer in Persian and Urdu (d. after 1223/1808). He was a native of ʿAẓīmābād (Patna) in Behār, and lived for some time in Ḋhāka. He came from a learned family; his father, Shaikh Ḡolām-Ḥosayn, was a poet of Persian writing under the…

ʿEZRĀ, BOOK OF, canonical biblical book emanating from the early portion of the Second Temple period (515 B.C.E.-70 C.E.) of Jewish history. Despite bearing the name of “ʿEzrā,” the title character only figures in the final chapters (7-10) of the book. Therein ʿEzrā is portrayed as an emissary of the…

ʿEZRĀ-NĀMA, paraphrased versification of the Book of ʿEzrā (q.v.) containing midrashic and Iranian legends. It was composed by Šāhīn (q.v.), the leading Judeo-Persian poet of the 14th century. ʿEzrā-nāma, which includes about 500 distichs, is generally found at the end of Šāhīn’s Ardašīr-nāma (q.v.) and is composed in the same…

ʿEZRĀʾĪL. lit. “Angel of Death.” See Supplement (ANGELS).

ʿEZZ-AL-DAWLA, ʿABD-AL-ṢAMAD MĪRZĀ (b. Rabīʿ I 1260/March-April 1844, d. 30 Mehr 1308 Š./21 October 1929; Figure 1), half-brother of Nāṣer-al-Dīn Shah and governor of Qazvīn; Borūjerd and Baḵtīārī; Hamadān; Zanjān; and Malāyer, Tūyserkān and Nehāvand. His mother, Oḡol Beyga Ḵānom, was a Sālūr Turkman taken prisoner by ʿAbbās Mīrzā (q.v.)…

ʿEZZ-AL-DĪN KĀŠĀNĪ, MAḤMŪD b. ʿAlī Naṭanzī, an author and Sufi of the early 8th century (d. 735/1334-35). All that is known about ʿEzz-al-Dīn’s life is that he was a Shafiʿite of Ashʿarite persuasion, studied under Ẓahīr-al-Dīn ʿAbd-al-Raḥmān b. Shaikh Najīb-al-Dīn ʿAlī Bozḡoš Šīrāzī, and received his mystic training from Nūr-al-Dīn…

ʿEZZAT PĀŠĀ, MOḤAMMAD (Mehmet İzzet Paşa; b. Kayseri, 1 Ḏu’l-ḥejja 1258/5 January, 1843, d. Istanbul 1332/1914), author of a Persian-Turkish dictionary and translator of Persian literary works. He received his earliest education from his grandfather, Ātešzāda Moḥammad Efendī (Ateşzade Mehmet Efendi). He accompanied his father to Istanbul, where he completed…

ʿEZZAT-AL-DAWLA, MALEKAZĀDA ḴĀNOM (b. 1250/1834-35, d. 23 Rabīʿ II 1323/27 June 1905, Figure 1), the only full sister of Nāṣer-al-Dīn Shah (1264-313/1848-96), second wife of Mīrzā Taqī Khan Amīr[–e] Kabīr (q.v.), and grandmother of Moḥammad-ʿAlī Shah (r. 1324-27/1907-09). In 1265/January-February 1849, Nāṣer-al-Dīn Shah decided to marry her off to his…