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ʿALĪ KANĪ, MOLLĀ (1220-1306/1805-88), an influential and wealthy moǰtahed of Tehran who played a decisive role in obtaining the cancellation of the Reuter Concession in 1873. Born to a religious scholar, Qorbān-ʿAlī, in the village of Kan about twelve km northwest of Tehran, he studied first in Tehran and then,…

ʿALĪ KHAN MARĀḠAʾĪ ḤĀJEB-AL-DAWLA, ḤĀJJĪ, Qajar official (1222-84/1807-08 to 1867). The son of Ḥosayn Khan Moqaddam Marāḡaʾī, when still a child he entered as ḡolām-bača into the service of the future king Moḥammad Mīrzā, son of the crown prince ʿAbbās Mīrzā, when the latter was governor of Marāḡa. In 1250/1834,…

ʿALI-MARDĀN KHAN (d. Lahore, 1657), military leader and administrator under Safavid kings Shah ʿAbbās I and Shah Ṣafi, and Mughal ruler Shah Jahān. The son of the Safavid official Ganj-ʿAli Khan (d. 1624), he was a governor of Kandahar who surrendered the city to the Mughals in 1638. He was also…

ʿALĪ MĪRZĀ (d. 899/1494), eldest son of Shaikh Ḥaydar, head of the Safavid ṭarīqa, and ʿAlamšāh Begom, daughter of the Āq Qoyunlū ruler Uzun Ḥasan. On the death of his father in battle on 29 Raǰab 893/9 July 1488, ʿAlī Mīrzā succeeded him as head of the order; he was…

ʿALĪ MOTTAQĪ, SHAIKH ʿALAʾ-AL-DĪN B. ḤOSĀM-AL-DĪN ʿABD AL-MĀLEK, a saint and Hadith scholar of India (885-975/1481-1567). Born at Borhanpur, he was first a pupil of Shah Bāǰen Češtī, though he received the Češtī investiture from Shah Bāǰen’s son, Shaikh ʿAbd-al-Ḥakīm. In Multan he became the pupil of Shaikh Ḥosām-al-dīn Moltānī…

ʿĀLĪ QĀPŪ (literally “lofty gateway”), a five-storied building overlooking the Maydān-e Šāh of Isfahan from the west (Figure 32). The name refers to the vaulted passageway at its center leading to the area once occupied by the Safavid palace. Flanking that passageway are two stories of smaller rooms. Surmounting it…

ʿALĪ QĀʾENĪ, usually known as SOLṬĀN-ʿALĪ, calligrapher active in Herat and Tabrīz during the late 9th/15th and early 10th/16th centuries. Nothing is known of his family, though his nesba suggests a connection with the region of Qāʾen southwest of Herat. Both his calligraphic style and the texts he copied underscore…

ʿALĪ B. ʿABDALLĀH B. MOḤAMMAD B. BĀMŠĀD QĀʾENĪ, ABU-ʾL ḤASAN, mathematician. Nothing is known of his life; since Bīrūnī (Chords in Rasāʾel al-Bīrūnī, Hyderabad, 1948, pt. 1, pp. 37-38, 40-41) cites two of his theorems concerning chords, he must have lived before 390/1000—probably some time in the 4th/10th century. Two…

ʿALĪ QŪŠJĪ (QŪŠJŪ), ʿALĀʾ-AL-DĪN ʿALĪ MOḤAMMAD, theologian and scientist (d. 879/1474). His father was falconer (qūščī) for the Timurid prince Uluḡ Beg. i. Life and Theological Works ii. Works on the Exact Sciences   i. Life and Theological Works His early education was in Samarqand, where he seems to have…

ʿALĪ B. AḤMAD TABRĪZĪ, ḤĀJJĪ, woodcarver who made (ʿamal) the doors of the Yešil Türbe (the mausoleum of Sultan Meḥmed I) in Bursa, probably to be dated to 824/1421. He seems to have been one of a number of Iranian craftsmen brought to Bursa by the Architect ʿIvaż Pasha to…

ʿALĪ, ḴᵛĀJA, also known as SAYYED ʿALĪ ʿAJAMĪ (b. ca. 770/1368-69, d. 830/1427 or 832/1429), an ancestor of the Safavid royal family, the son of Shaikh Ṣadr-al-dīn and grandson of Shaikh Ṣafī-al-dīn Ardabīlī. Trustworthy information about him is scarce, since almost all the sources date from the Safavid period and…

ʿĀLĪ, MĪRZĀ NŪR-AL-DĪN MOḤAMMAD NEʿMAT KHAN, satirist, historian, and Persian poet of Mughal India (d. 1121/1709-10). Both his father, Ḥakīm Fatḥ-al-dīn, and his son, Ḥakīm Ḥāḏeq Khan, were famous physicians. Born in India, ʿĀlī accompanied his father to their ancestral city of Shiraz (according to Ḵᵛošgū, Mašhad; see Storey, I,…