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MAJALLA-ye RASMI-e ṮABT-e AMLĀK wa ASNĀD (later Majalla-ye rasmi-e Wezārat-e ʿadliya/dādgostari), the official journal of the Ministry of Justice. It started with three issues a week on 1 Ḵordād 1307 Š. (22 May 1928) as the organ of the Bureau of the Registration of Documents and Deeds (Edāra-ye ṯabt-e asnād…

MAJD, Loṭf-Allāh, the celebrated tār (a plucked long-necked lute) performer known for his brilliant virtuosity and distinctive style (b. Sāri, Māzandarān, 1296/1917; d. Tehran, 1357 Š./1978). Majd was fascinated with music from his early childhood, spending most of his time fiddling around with a battered old tār that he had…

MAJD-AL-ESLĀM KERMĀNI, Shaikh Aḥmad (b. Kerman, 1288/1871; d. Kerman, 1302 Š./1923; Figure 1), journalist, participant/observer in the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-11.  Majd-al-Eslām was son of Āqā Yusof, a descendant of Ḵāndānqoli Beg Afšār, the lieutenant governor of Kerman under the Safavids, who was killed by Nāder Shah Afšār (Waziri, II, pp….

MAJD-AL-MOLK II, Mirzā Taqi Khan Monši-e Hożur (b. 1278/1861) a high ranking Qajar official and poet with the pen name ʿAbqari (FIGURE 1). He was the second son of Ḥāji Mirzā Moḥammad Khan Sinaki Lavāsāni (Majd-al-molk I) and the younger brother of Mirzā ʿAli KhanAmin-al-dawla. From 1874 he served at…

MAJDUʿ, ESMĀʿIL b. ʿAbd-al-Rasul (d. Ujjain, India, 1183 or 1184/1769-70), an Ismaʿili Mostaʿli-Ṭayyebi of the Dāʾudi Bohra faction, a scholar from India well-known for his Bibliography (Fehrest) of extant Ismaʿili manuscripts; he catalogued approximately 250 works with their full or partial contents and arranged them according to Ismaʿili curriculum for the…

MAJLESI, Moḥammad-Bāqer b. Moḥammad-Taqi b. Maqṣud-ʿAli Eṣfahāni, (b. 1627; d. 1699 or 1700), an eminent Twelver Shiʿite jurist in Safavid Iran (1501-1722) and one of the most important hadith scholars of Twelver Shiʿism (Ar. Eṯna ʿAšariya; Emāmiya). He is often referred to as Majlesi-e ṯāni, or Majlesi-e dowwom (Majlesi II),…

MAJLESI, MOḤAMMAD-TAQI b. Maqṣud-ʿAli Eṣfahāni, commonly referred to as Majlesi-ye Awwal, an important Twelver Shiʿite jurist and Hadith scholar of the Aḵbāri school (see AḴBĀRIYA) in Safavid Iran (b. 1003/1594-95, d. 1070/1659-60). He is generally considered to be the first eminent member of what was later to become one of…

MAḴDUM ŠARIFI ŠIRĀZI (مخدوم شریفی شیرازی), Mirzā Moʿin-al-Din Ašraf (b. Shiraz, 947/1540-41; d. Mecca, Ḏu’l-ḥajja 995/October-November 1587), Sunni bureaucrat and polemicist; he held office as ṣadr or minister of religious affairs and endowments at the court of Shah Esmāʿil II Ṣafawi (r. 984-85/1576-77), and eventually fled to the Ottoman Empire,…

MAKRĀN (also Mokrān) the coastal region of Baluchistan, extending from the Somniani Bay to the northwest of Karachi in the east westwards to the fringes of the region of Bashkardia/Bāšgerd in the southern part of the Sistān and Balučestān province of modern Iran. Makrān is thus bisected by the modern…

MALABĀRI, BEHRĀMJI  MERWĀNJI, Parsi Zoroastrian who became a prominent Indian poet, author, and social reformer (b. Baroda [now Vadodara] in Gujarat, 1 January 1853; d. Bombay [now Mumbai], 1 January or at Simla 12 July 1912—birth and death dates are based on general consensus, since no official records are extant;…

MALAKUT (Heavenly Kingdom, 1961), the highly acclaimed and the only published novella by the noted modernist fiction writer Bahram Sadeqi (Bahrām Ṣādeqi, 1937-1984) Malakut was first published in the periodical Kayhān-e hafta in 1961 (No.12, pp. 7-101). Nine years later it was reissued along with several short stories in a…

MALARIA (Per.

MALEKŠĀH, JALĀL-AL-DAWLA MOʿEZZ-al-DONYĀ WA’L-DIN ABU’L-FATḤ b. Alp Arslān, the Great Saljuq sultan (r. 465-85/1072-92), during whose reign the Saljuq empire attained its maximum extension. Malekšāh was born on 19 Jomadā I 447/16 August 1055 (Bondāri, p. 68; Rāvandi, p. 125, mentions year 445 as his date of birth) and was…