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ḤOSAYN B. ʿALI ii. IN POPULAR SHIʿISM Imam Ḥosayn’s revolt and tragic death at Karbalā in present-day Iraq (10 Moḥarram 61/10 October 680) was one of the greatest calamities in the early history of the Muslim community. The cult of Ḥosayn first evolved locally, where the archetypal motif of the…

ḤOSAYN B. ʿALI iii. THE PASSION (TAʿZIA) OF ḤOSAYN The taʿzia (literally “mourning”) is a dramatic form which Shiʿite Muslims in Persia have created to commemorate the tragedy of Ḥosayn ebn ʿAli, and thus it is comparable to the Christian passion play. It is the only significant drama that developed…

ḤOSAYN BĀYQARĀ, the common designation for Sultan Abu’l-Ḡāzi Ḥosayn Mirzā b. Manṣur b. Bāyqarā, the last Timurid ruler of major importance in Khorasan (r. 873-75/1469-70 and 875-911/1470-1506). Through his father he was a great-grandson of Timur’s second son, ʿOmar-Šayḵ, and through his mother, Firuza Begom (a daughter of Timur’s third…

ḤOSAYN ḤĀFEẒ KARBALĀʾI TABRIZI BĀBĀ-FARAJI, popularly known as Ebn Karbalāʾi, a major Persian historian of Sufis and Sufism of 16th-century Persia and a poet (d. 997/1589). The appellation Bābā-Faraji, which he used in the foreword (dibāča) of his Rawżāt al-jenān (I, p. 9), refers to his kinship affiliation with the…

Hosayn Khān – Segāh title Hosayn Khān – Segāh genre/topic Dastgāh Segāh language   performer Hosayn Khān Kamānčakaš [Esmā‘ilzādeh] instrument Kamānča recorded by   place of recording   date of recording March 1913 duration 3:26 source Art of Kamāncheh from Qājār Period. Mahoor Institute of Culture and Art, 2001 (MCD-63),…

ḤOSAYN KHAN ĀJUDĀN-BĀŠI, probably the most important officer to hold the military rank of adjudant-en-chef (see ĀJŪDĀN-BĀŠI) during the Qajar period (d. ca. 1283/1866-67). Ḥosayn Khan attained the rank of ājudān-bāši through the good offices of Moḥammad Khan Amir Neẓām Zangana, commander of the army of Azerbaijan. Previously he had…

ḤOSAYN KHAN KAMĀNČAKAŠ, a famous musician and a master of the kamānča, the chief traditional Persian string instrument played with a bow (d. 1313 Š./1934). Ḥosayn, in the early 20th century, was also known as Esmāʿilzādeh, being the son of Esmāʿil Khan Kamānčakaš, the most famous kamānča player at the…

ḤOSAYN KHAN ŠĀMLU, b. ʿAbdi Beg Šāmlu, Safavid governor (d. 941/1535), brother of Durmeš Khan Šāmlu (q.v.) and a nephew of Shah Esmāʿil I, his father having married the shah’s sister (Ḥasan Rumlu, ed. and tr. Seddon, I, p. 238; tr., II, p. 263, n. 5). Upon the death of…

ḤOSAYN-E KORD-E ŠABESTARI, Persian popular romance narrating the exploits of a Kurdish warrior from Šabestar known solely by the name of Ḥosayn. The romance begins by recalling that the governor of Tabriz, a subject of the Safavid shah ʿAbbās, had recently attacked and devastated Balḵ. The governor of Balḵ turns…

ḤOSAYNI, a guša (significant melodic unit) of the canonic repertory of Persian classical music (radif). Its principal home is the mode (dastgāh, q.v.) of Šur, ordinarily regarded as the most important of the twelve modes. It is also occasionally found in the mode of Navā (where it is sometimes designated…

Ḥosayni (1) title Ḥosayni (1) genre/topic Vocal radif, Dastgāh-e Šur, guša Hosayni language   performer Mahmud Karimi instrument Voice composer  Mirzā ʿAbdollāh, Radif author/poet  Ḥāfeẓ first line of poem Ṣufiyān jomle ḥarifand o naẓar bāz vali recorded by   place of recording   date of recording   duration 2:24 source…

Ḥosayni (2) title Ḥosayni (2) genre/topic Radif for Tār and Setār, Dastgāh-e Šur, guša Ḥosayni language   performer ‘Ali-Akbar Šahnāzi instrument Tār composer Āqā Ḥosayn Qoli, Radif author/poet   first line of poem   recorded by   place of recording   date of recording   duration 1:18 source Radif of…

ḤOSAYNI BALḴI, ʿABD-ALLĀH MOḤMMAD B. MO-ḤAMMAD b. Abu’l-Qāsem Ḥosayni Balḵi, the translator into Persian of Wāʿeẓ-e Balḵi’s no longer extant Arabic work, the Fażāʾel-e Balḵ. In the beginning of his translation, his name appears as ʿAbd-Allāh b. Moḥammad b. al-Qāsem Ḥosayni (p. 1), while at the end it appears as…