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HERODOTUS xi. SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Silvio Accame, “La leggenda di Ciro in Erodoto e in Carone di Lampsaco,” Miscellanea Greca e Romana 12, 1982, pp. 2-43. Wolf Aly, Volksmärchen, Sage und Novelle bei Herodot und seinen Zeitgenossen. Eine Untersuchung über die volkstümlichen Elemente der altgriechischen Prosaerzählung, Göttingen, 1921; 2nd ed., 1969….

HERON-ALLEN, EDWARD, F.R.S. (b. London, December 17, 1861; d. Large Acres, Selsey, England, March 28, 1943; FIGURE 1), British polymath, scientist, and Persian scholar who translated the quatrains of Omar Khayyam (ʿOmar Ḵayyām) and Bābā Ṭāher, defended the controversial translations (see ENGLISH iii) of Edward FitzGerald (1809-83) and Frederic Baron…

HERTEL, JOHANNES, Sanskritist and Iranist (born 13 March 1872 in Zwickau, Saxony, Germany; died 27 October 1955 in Leipzig, where his tomb can be seen in the Südfriedhof; Figure 1). Hertel studied in the University of Leipzig and obtained his Ph.D. in 1897 with a thesis titled Text und Verfasser…

HERZFELD, Ernst Emil (1879-1948; Figure 1), archeologist, philologist, and polyhistor, one of the towering figures in ancient Near Eastern and Iranian studies during the first half of the 20th century. To him we owe many decisive contributions to Islamic, Sasanian, and Prehistoric archeology and history of Iran, Iraq, and Syria….

HERZFELD, ERNST i. LIFE AND WORK Herzfeld (Figure 1) was born on 23 July 1879 in Celle, Germany. His father was a medical major in the Prussian army of Protestant Christian faith. Herzfeld attended the Domgymnasium at Verden and received his high school diploma at the Joachimsthaler Gymnasium at Berlin…

HERZFELD, ERNST ii. HERZFELD AND PASARGADAE While the writings of Ernst Herzfeld bear witness to an exceptionally wide interest in the art and archeology of the Near East, he probably devoted more attention to the study of Achaemenid Iran than to any other single topic during the course of his…

HERZFELD, ERNST iii. HERZFELD AND PERSEPOLIS Herzfeld first visited Persepolis in November 1905 during his return from the Assur excavation (see above, HERZFELD i.). Back in Berlin Eduard Meyer introduced him to Friedrich Sarre; their work together resulted in, among other projects, the outstanding publication Iranische Felsreliefs (Berlin, 1910). This…

HERZFELD, ERNST iv. HERZFELD AND THE PAIKULI INSCRIPTION The monument at Paikuli (Pāikūlī), locally called bot-ḵāna “idol house” (Rawlinson apud Thomas, p. 57), lies on the Iraqi side of the border with Iran on a north-south line drawn from Solaimānīya in Iraq to Qaṣr-e Šīrīn in Persia on the ancient…

HERZFELD, ERNST v. HERZFELD AND THE HISTORY OF ANCIENT IRAN Herzfeld’s classical education, giving him familiarity with Greek and Latin literature, and his training in Oriental philology as well as in archeology and architectural techniques proved of great benefit in his study of pre-Islamic Iranian history and culture. Almost all…

ḤESĀBI, MAḤMUD, contemporary Persian physicist, Senator, and minister of education (b. Tehran, 1321/1903, d. Geneva, 12 Šahrivar 1371 Š./3 September 1992; Figure 1). He was born to ʿAbbās Ḥesābi, a Qajar government official from Tafreš. Ḥesābi received his primary and secondary education in French and American Schools in Beirut, 1910-19….

ḤEṢĀR, the name of a region in the eastern part of Transoxania, in the upper course of the Sorḵān Daryā (medieval Čaḡānrud) and the Kāfernehān (on most modern maps it is called Gissar, derived from a poor Russian transcription). It is a fertile valley stretching for about 110-120 km in…

ḤESĀR, in Persian music, an important section (šāh-guša, see GUŠA) in the Persian and Azeri radifs, its name probably originating from the town in Tajikistan. It occupies a central position in the development of the modal systems (dastgāh, q.v.) of Čahārgāh and Segāh, transposing these modes to the higher fifth….

Ḥeṣār (part 1) title Ḥeṣār (3 parts) genre/topic Radif for Tār and Setār, Dastgāh-e Čahārgāh, guša Ḥeṣār language   performer Nur ‘Ali Borumand instrument Tār composer Mirzā ‘Abdollāh, Radif author/poet   first line of poem   recorded by   place of recording   date of recording   duration  4:19 source…