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FARŠĒDVARD, a Kayanian prince in the Iranian legendary history, son of Goštāsp and brother of Esfandīār (qq.v.). He is mentioned in the Šāh-nāma mainly in the context of the religious wars between Arjāsp (q.v.) and Goštāsp. After Goštāsp’s first victory over Arjāsp, Faršēdvard is made ruler of Khorasan. When Arjāsp…

FĀRSĪMADĀN, one of the most important tribes of the Qašqāʾī tribal confederacy. The popular explanation of the name is that it is a mispronunciation of Fārsīnadān (Those who do not know Persian) or Fārsīmīdān(Those who know Persian; Magee, p. 54). The Fārsīmadān claim that they are of Ḵalaj origin, and…

FĀRŪQĪ DYNASTY OF KHANDESH (772-1009/1370-1601) “land of the khans” (< khan + Hindi dēš “land”), a small kingdom centered on the Tapti River valley on the northern border of the Deccan (q.v.), bounded on the north by Malwa and the Narmada River, in present-day Madhya Pradesh. The dynasty was established...

FARVI DIALECT, spoken in the township of Farroḵi in central Persia. Farvi or Farvigi is the native dialect of Farroḵi, a township in the sub-province of Ḵur o Biābānak on the edge of the Great Persian Desert. The lexicon of Farvi was little known until Ṣādeq Kiā’s (q.v.) documentation was…

FĀRYĀB (also spelled Pāryāb, Bāryāb), a town in northern Afghanistan, now in the modern Afghan province of Faryāb. i. In Pre-Modern Islamic Times. ii. In Modern Times. i. IN PRE-MODERN ISLAMIC TIMES Early Islamic Fāryāb lay within the region of Gūzgān/Jūzjān (q.v.). The town was probably situated some 16 km…

FĀRYĀBĪ, ẒAHĪR-AL-DĪN ABU’L-FAŻL ṬĀHER, b. Moḥammad, Persian poet who used Ẓahīr as his pen name. He was born at Fāryāb, modern Dawlatābād, in the province of Jūzjān near Balḵ (qq.v.), probably about 550/1156, or in 1160 according to Kuliyev (Rypka, Hist. Iran. Lit., p. 209; Kuliyev, pp. 145-46); the occurrence…

FARYĀD, the title of seven publications in Persian:   1. A paper published in Urmia from 21 Moḥarram 1325/6 March 1907 to 6 Ḏu’l-qaʿda 1325/12 December 1907. It began as a bi-weekly paper but became weekly after the third issue. The opposition of city notables, however, delayed the publication of…

FARYŪMAD (modern FARŪMAD), MONUMENTS of. No thorough archeological investigation has been conducted in the Faryūmad area. Erich F. Schmidt’s aerial survey, carried out on 12 May 1937, however, revealed a “town ruin near Farumad” (Schmidt, pls. 61 f.; Schneider, p. 47, microfiche card 12: view A11 and 12; Kleiss, fig….

FARZĀD, MASʿŪD, Persian litterateur and poet (b. Sanandaj, 1285 Š./1906; d. London, 26 September 1981; Figure 1). He studied at the American College (see ALBORZ COLLEGE) in Tehran and was later employed as translator in the Ministry of Finance. In 1929, Farzād was sent to London on a government scholarship…