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EʿTEṢĀMĪ,MĪRZĀ YŪSOF KHAN ĀŠTĪĀNĪ, EʿTEṢĀM-AL-MOLK (b. Tabrīz, 1291/1874; d. Tehran, 12 Dey 1316 Š./2 January 1938), Persian writer and journalist. His father, Mīrzā Ebrāhīm Khan Mostawfī Eʿteṣām-al-Molk, like many secretaries and accountants in the Qajar administration, came from Āštīān; he was appointed financial controller (mostawfī) of Azerbaijan and remained in…

EʿTEṢĀMĪ, PARVĪN, 20th-century female poet (b. 25 Esfand 1285 Š./16 March 1907 in Tabrīz, d. 16 Farvardīn 1320 Š./5 April 1941 in Tehran; Figure 1), daughter of the journalist and man of letters Yūsof Eʿteṣāmī (q.v.). According to Dehḵodā (Loḡat-nāma, s.v. “Parvīn”), her given name was Raḵšanda. Early in her…

EʿTEŻĀD-AL-SALṬANA, ʿALĪQOLĪ MĪRZĀ, first minister of sciences (ʿolūm, meaning education) of the Qajar period and a scholar (b. 23 Rabīʿ I 1238/7 December 1822; d. 10 Moharram 1298/14 December 1880). He was the forty-seventh son of Fatḥ-ʿAlī Shah by Gol-pīrahan Ḵānom, an Armenian kanīz from Tbilisi (Eʿteżād-al-Salṭāna, Eksīr, p. 228)….

FABLE, a kind of story often defined as “an animal tale with a moral” (Funk and Wagnalls, s.v. “Fable”; cf. Thompson, 1977, p. 10). There is no exact Persian equivalent of the term, but the words afsāna, dāstān, hekāyat, qeṣṣa, and samar are used to refer to such stories. Joseph…

FABRITIUS, LUDVIG (LODEWYCK), Swedish envoy to the Safavid court (b. 1648 in Brazil, of Dutch parentage; d. 1729 in Stockholm). Fabritius headed three missions to Persia representing the Swedish crown in 1679-80, 1683-84, and 1697-1700. Fabritius came to Moscow with his stepfather in 1660 or 1661 and subsequently pursued a…

FACULTIES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN. The University of Tehran was founded in 1313 Š./1934 from four pre-existing schools (madrasas) which were renamed as faculties (dāneškada): the Faculty of Medicine (Dāneškada-ye pezeškī), the Faculty of Law and Political Science (Dāneškada-ye ḥoqūq o ʿolūm-e sīāsī), the Faculty of Letters (Dāneškada-ye adabīyāt),…

FACULTIES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN i. Faculty of Agriculture The Faculty of Agriculture of Karaj (Dāneškada-ye kešāvarzī-e Karaj) was originally founded in Tehran as the College of Agronomy (Madrasa-ye ʿālī-e falāḥat) in 1306 Š./1927 and officially opened three years later, under the directorship of Aḥmad-Ḥosayn ʿAdl, assisted by Moṣṭafāqolī…

FACULTIES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN ii. Faculty of Fine Arts Like most other faculties of the University of Tehran, the Faculty of Fine Arts was created by integrating already existing institutions (see EDUCATION xvii). In 1940, on the initiative of Esmāʿīl Merʾāt, the minister of education, who was also…

FACULTIES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN iii. Faculty of Law and Political Science The Faculty of Law and Political Science (Dāneškada-ye ḥoqūq o ʿolūm-e sīāsī) is one of the oldest institutions of modern higher education in Persia, founded in 1306 Š./1927 with the merger of the School of Political Science…

FACULTIES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN iv. Faculty of Letters and Humanities The Faculty of Letters and Humanities (Dāneškada-ye adabīyāt wa ʿolūm-e ensānī), originally named the Faculty of Letters, Philosophy, and Educational Sciences (Dāneškada-ye adabīyāt wa falsafa wa ʿolūm-e tarbīatī), was one of the six faculties constituting the University of…

FACULTIES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN v. Faculty of Medicine The Faculty of Medicine (Dāneškada-ye pezeškī), the pioneering academic institution of modern medicine in Persia, formed one of the six main faculties of the new University of Tehran in 1313 Š./1934 (Figure 1). The Faculty of Medicine was the successor…

Fadāye Roḳsār – Dekr Qāderieh title Fadāye Roḳsār – Dekr Qāderieh genre/topic Dekr language Sorani Kurdish performer Ḵalifeh Mirzā Āğah Ğowṭi instrument Voices and dafs composer   author/poet   first line of poem   recorded by   place of recording   date of recording   duration 1:24 source Regional Music…

FADĀʾIĀN-E ḴALQ (Sāzmān-e čerikhā-ye Fadāʾi-e ḵalq-e Irān/Organization of Iranian People’s Fadāʾi [Fedāʾi] Guerrillas [OIPFG or Fadaiyan]), a revolutionary political organization that emerged in Tehran in April 1971.  As a Marxist-Leninist urban guerrilla group arising from the student movement and the urban middle-class intellectuals and influenced by the Latin American revolutionary…