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Dašti title Dašti genre/topic Āvāz-e Dašti language   performer Yusof Forutan, setār instrument setār composer   author/poet   first line of poem   recorded by   place of recording   date of recording   duration 4:00 source Setār Ostād Yusef Forutan. Mahoor Institute of Culture and Art, 2000 (MCD-54), track…

DAŠTĪ, one of the twelve modal systems in the repertoire of traditional music (radīf); it is an āvāz, or auxiliary modal system, derived from or attached to the dastgāh Šūr. Its defining feature is the combination of two descending pentachords (G, F, Eb, D, C, Bb and Dp, C Bb Ap…

DAŠTĪ, šahrestān (subprovince) on the Persian Gulf in Būšehr province, corresponding approximately to the area referred to as Māndestān and Sīf Āl Moẓaffar in early sources (Ebn al-Balḵī, p. 152; Yāqūt, Boldān III, p. 217). It is bounded on the north and west by the šahrestāns of Daštestān and Tangestān, on the…

DAŠTĪ, ʿALĪ (b. Karbalāʾ, ca. 1312/1894, d. Tehran, 26 Dey 1360 Š./16 January 1982; Figure 1), man of letters, journalist, and politician. Life. Daštī, the son of the Shiʿite cleric Shaikh ʿAbd-al-Ḥosayn Daštī, of a family originally from Daštestān, received a traditional education in Arabic literature and Islamic sciences and…

DASTJERDĀNĪ, JAMĀL-AL-DĪN, Il-khanid bureaucrat. He first came to prominence as inspector of awqāf (pious endowments) in Iraq in 683/1284. Later, during the reign of Arḡūn (683-90/1284-91), he acted as kāteb (scribe) to the Jewish administrator Saʿd-al-Dawla, who was attempting to repair the financial ravages of Būqā, who is notable for…

DASTŪR (Pahl. dstwbl, Man. Mid. Pers. dstwr, Man. Parth. dstbr, Pāzand and NPers. dastūr, all < OIr. *dasta-bara-(?), the first element of which seems to be cognate with Av. dąstvā- “dogma, doctrine” < dąh-, *OIr. dans- “to teach”; cf. Man. Pers. dastan “powerful,” Man. Parth. dast “capable, able,” NPers. dast...

DASTŪR AL-AFĀŻEL FĪ LOḠĀT AL-FAŻĀʾEL (Manual of the learned for learned words), an early Persian-to-Persian dictionary (farhang-nāma), compiled in India in 743/1342, during the reign of Moḥammad b. Tōḡloq Shah (725-52/1325-52) by Ḥājeb Ḵayrāt Rafīʿ, a poet from Delhi, for his patron Šams-al-Dīn Moḥammad Aḥmad b. ʿAlī Jajnīrī. Comparisons show…

DASTŪR AL-KĀTEB FĪ TAʿYĪN AL-MARĀTEB, administrative manual written by Moḥammad Naḵjavānī (ca. 679/1280-after 768/1366), son of Faḵr-al-Dīn Hendūšāh b. Sanjar Naḵjavānī, author of Tajāreb al-salaf. The work was commissioned during the reign of the Il-khan Abū Saʿīd (716-36/1316-35) by the vizier Ḡīāṯ-al-Dīn Moḥammad, son of the great vizier Rašīd-al-Dīn Fażl-Allāh….

DASTURAL-MOLUK. A manual of administration in Persian from the end of the Safavid period. It was composed by Moḥammad Rafiʿ Anṣāri (known as Mirzā Rafiʿā) who had the title of Mostawfi al-mamālek (accountant-general), a high-ranking position in the central administration at Isfahan (the then capital of Safavid Persia). Together with…

DASTŪR-E DABĪRĪ, comprehensive manual of letter writing by Moḥammad Meyhanī, consisting of an introduction (dībāča) and two chapters (qeṣm; comp. Ḏu’l-qaʿda 585/December 1189-January 1190). It is known from a single manuscript in the library of the Fatih mosque, Istanbul (ms. no. 4074; Dānešpažūh, p. 27; cf. Monzawī, p. 625). As…

ḎĀT-AL-SALĀSEL (lit., “provided with chains”), place near Obolla in southern Iraq where in 633 C.E., according to Sayf b. ʿOmar, one of Ṭabarī’s informants, Ḵāled b. Walīd and an Arab force of about 18,000 men defeated a small Sasanian garrison led by a frontier commander named Hormoz (Ṭabarī, I, pp….

DĀTA, Old Iranian term for “law” (originally the neuter verbal adjective dāta-m from the root dā- “to put, place,” thus “(the law) set/laid down”; cf. Ger. Gesetz and Eng. law respectively), attested both in Avestan texts (Old and Younger Av. dāta-) and in Achaemenid royal inscriptions (Old Pers. dāta-; Kent,…

DĀTABARA, title of a high official in the Achaemenid legal and juridical system. It is not attested in Old Persian but only in collateral traditions (El. da-ud-da-bar-ra; Late Babylonian da-(a-)ta-ba-ra/ri, -bar-ri; biblical Aram. dtbr, dəṯāḇar; talmudic Aram. dwʾr, dwwr) and in younger Iranian languages (Pahl. dʾtwbl, dādwar; Inscr. Pahl. dʾtbry,…

DATAMES (Gk. Datámēs), Iranian personal name, reflecting Old Iranian *Dātama- or *Dātāma-, either a two-stem shortened form *Dāta-m-a- from a compound name like *Dātamiθra- or an unabridged compound *Dātāma-from *Dāta-ama-“to whom force is given.” The best known bearer of this name (ca. 407 [or earlier]-ca. 362 B.C.E.) was the son…

* DĀTAMIΘRA (El. Da-da/tam5-mi-ut-ra, Aram. dtmtr), Iranian personal name resulting from an inversion of Miθra-dāta- “given by Mithra” and continued in the New Persian Dādmehr. It is also attested in the variant *Dāta-miça-(El. Da-da-mi-iš-šá), with persianized second element (Hinz and Koch, pp. 261, 298). Such a name may also form…